Adductor injury diagnosis: effectiveness of clinical tests and grading the quality of evidence
| Clinical tests | Likelihood ratio, (95% CI) | Diagnostic effectiveness | ||
| High | Moderate | Low/very low | ||
| MRI used as reference standard | ||||
| Adductor palpation (adductor longus, gracilis, pectineus)71 | LR+=2.23 (1.51 to 3.29) | Moderate quality of evidence | ||
| LR−=0.08 (0.02 to 0.31) | Low quality of evidence | |||
| Squeeze 0°71 | LR+=3.13 (1.75 to 5.59) | Low quality of evidence | ||
| LR−=0.26 (0.14 to 0.48) | Moderate quality of evidence | |||
| Squeeze 45°71 | LR+=1.81 (1.13 to 2.92) | Moderate quality of evidence | ||
| LR−=0.52 (0.33 to 0.81) | Moderate quality of evidence | |||
| Resisted outer range adduction71 | LR+=3.30 (1.85 to 5.87) | Low quality of evidence | ||
| LR−=0.20 (0.10 to 0.41) | Moderate quality of evidence | |||
| Passive adductor stretching71 | LR+=3.04 (1.51 to 6.14) | Low quality of evidence | ||
| LR−=0.49 (0.34 to 0.71) | Moderate quality of evidence | |||
| Flexion abduction external rotation test71 | LR+=1.45 (0.81 to 2.60) | Moderate quality of evidence | ||
| LR−=0.79 (0.59 to 1.06) | Moderate quality of evidence | |||
MRI; the diagnostic effectiveness of the positive (LR+) and negative (LR−) likelihood ratios are classified individually as: very low (LR+: 1 to 2; LR−: 0.5 to 1), low (LR+: >2 to 5; LR−: 0.2 to <0.5), moderate (LR+: >5 to 10; LR−: 0.1 to <0.2); high (LR+: >10; LR−: <0.1).37