Pre-cooling and hydration strategy for each event
| Number | TTT | ITT | RR |
| 69 | 28 | 58 | |
| Pre-cooling strategy* | |||
| None | 1 (1.4) | 1 (3.6) | 16 (27.6) †‡ |
| Fanning | 12 (17.4) | 12 (42.9) | 4 (6.9) |
| Cold towel | 13 (18.8) | 17 (60.7) | 22 (37.9) |
| Neck collar | 10 (14.5) | 9 (32.1) | 9 (15.5) |
| Whole body cold water immersion | 5 (7.2) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (6.9) |
| Leg CWI | 2 (2.9) | 2 (7.1) | 6 (10.3) |
| Ice vest | 19 (27.5) | 26 (92.9) | 39 (67.2) |
| Ice slurry | 9 (13.0) | 4 (14.3) | 5 (8.6) |
| Other | – | – | 1 (1.7) |
| Hydration strategy | |||
| Less than 0.5 L | 16 (69.6) | 16 (66.7) | 1 (1.6) |
| 0.5 to 1 L | 4 (17.4) | 6 (25.0) | – |
| 1 to 1.5 L | 1 (4.3) | 2 (8.3) | 2 (3.3) |
| 1.5 to 2 L | – | – | 3 (4.9) |
| More than 2 L | 2 (8.7) | – | 55 (90.2) |
| Preferred fluid | |||
| Water | 9 (13.0) | 15 (53.6) | 56 (96.6) |
| Electrolyte | 19 (27.5) | 15 (53.6) | 42 (72.4) |
| Carb | 10 (14.5) | 9 (32.1) | 40 (69) |
| Ice slurry | 2 (2.9) | 1 (3.6) | 6 (10.3) |
| Other | – | – | – |
Data as number (percentage of total).
*More than one possible choice, (proportions may not add to 100%).
†Significantly different than TTT.
‡Significantly different than ITT, p<0.05.
CWI, cold water immersion; ITT, individual time trial; RR, road race; TTT, team time trial.