Comparison between pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 parameters in COVID-19+ and COVID-19− players
| COVID-19+ pre | COVID-19+ post | P value | COVID-19− pre | COVID-19− post | P value | ||
| n | 15 | 15 | n | 9 | 9 | ||
| Spirometry | Spirometry | ||||||
| FVC (L) | 5.64 (5.44–6.15) | 5.35 (5.01–6.20) | <0.05* | FVC (L) | 5.76 (5.24–5.86) | 5.66 (5.03–5.8) | 0.95 |
| % of the theor | 101 (98–107.5) | 96 (92–106.5) | 0.18 | % of the theor | 103 (90–111) | 104 (97–105) | 0.33 |
| FEV1 (L) | 4.91 (4.77–5.02) | 4.62 (4.08–4.86) | <0.05* | FEV1 (L) | 4.77 (4.5–5.22) | 4.52 (4.17–5.03) | 0.09 |
| % of the theor | 104 (99–109) | 95 (91.5–103) | <0.05* | % of the theor | 101 (99–105) | 102 (97–109) | 0.83 |
| PEF (L) | 11.15 (9.59–11.34) | 9.26 (8.65–10.58) | <0.05* | PEF (L) | 11.2 (8.9–11.8) | 9.52 (8.85–10.36) | 0.05 |
| % of the theor | 103 (97.5–109.5) | 89 (83–100.5) | <0.05* | % of the theor | 106 (95–112) | 91 (85–97) | 0.09 |
| MVV (L/min) | 180.9 (151.6–197.9) | 161.7 (141.3–170.2) | <0.05* | MVV (L/min) | 183.3 (171.1–202.2) | 158.2 (146–176.1) | 0.17 |
| % of the theor | 110 (90.5–122) | 97 (91.5–104) | <0.05* | % of the theor | 116 (99–119) | 100 (95–109) | 0.17 |
| Stress-test ECG | Stress-test ECG | ||||||
| Resting HR (bpm) | 53 (48–60) | 65 (58–69) | <0.05* | Resting HR (bpm) | 60 (57–62) | 61 (55–62) | 0.86 |
| Max HR (bpm) | 176 (174–181) | 180 (172–185) | 0.89 | Max HR (bpm) | 178 (177–182) | 179 (173–182) | 0.09 |
| % of the theor | 90 (88–92) | 91 (89–92) | 0.73 | % of the theor | 90 (88–92) | 91 (89–92) | 0.26 |
| Resting SBP (mm Hg) | 105 (100–110) | 110 (100–110) | 0.91 | Resting SBP (mm Hg) | 110 (105–120) | 110 (110–120) | 0.86 |
| Resting DBP (mm Hg) | 65 (65–70) | 65 (60–70) | 0.53 | Resting DBP (mm Hg) | 70 (60–70) | 65 (60–70) | 0.67 |
| Max SBP (mm Hg) | 190 (185–200) | 190 (180–205) | 0.72 | Max SBP (mm Hg) | 200 (195–200) | 190 (180–195) | 0.23 |
| Max DBP (mm Hg) | 75 (65–80) | 75 (70–80) | 0.26 | Max DBP (mm Hg) | 75 (70–75) | 75 (75–80) | 0.60 |
| Echocardiogram | Echocardiogram | ||||||
| LV EDD (mm) | 56 (53.8–58) | 55 (51.8–57.8) | 0.14 | LV EDD (mm) | 53.3 (52–54.5) | 53 (52–55) | 0.49 |
| LV ESD (mm) | 35 (32–37.5) | 34 (31–37.5) | 0.54 | LV ESD (mm) | 32.5 (30–35) | 33 (32–35) | 0.89 |
| IVSd (mm) | 9.9 (9.6–10) | 10 (9.75–10) | 0.95 | IVSd (mm) | 9.63 (9–10.3) | 10 (9–10.5) | 0.40 |
| PWd (mm) | 9.9 (9.6–10) | 10 (9.75–10) | 0.59 | PWd (mm) | 9.63 (9–10) | 10 (9–10.5) | 0.36 |
| LV EDV (mL) | 153.7 (139.7–166.6) | 151 (126.5–168) | 0.47 | LV EDV (mL) | 136.5 (130–144.4) | 134.5 (131–146) | 0.84 |
| LV EDV ind (mL/m2) | 75.5 (67.5–82.9) | 73.5 (61.6–84.9) | 0.41 | LV EDV ind (mL/m2) | 68.1 (63.2–73.1) | 68.8 (62.9–71.6) | 0.88 |
| LV ESV (mL) | 50.9 (40.9–59.9) | 46 (37.5–62) | 0.89 | LV ESV (mL) | 42.5 (35–51) | 45 (42–45) | 0.96 |
| LV ESV ind (mL/m2) | 26.1 (19.8–28.7) | 23.6 (18.3–30) | 0.78 | LV ESV ind (mL/m2) | 22.3 (17.6–25.9) | 22.9 (20–24.6) | 0.88 |
| FS % | 36 (35–39.5) | 37 (34.5–40) | 0.58 | FS % | 36.5 (36–41) | 37 (36–40) | 0.83 |
| EF % | 57 (57–62.5) | 60 (58–63) | 0.81 | EF % | 58 (56–60) | 62 (56–63) | 0.24 |
| Mitral E:A ratio | 1.87 (1.63–2) | 1.6 (1.45–1.86) | 0.21 | Mitral E:A ratio | 1.88 (1.64–2.25) | 1.74 (1.5–2) | 0.24 |
Data are presented as median (IQR).
*statistically significant difference.
BPM, beats per minute; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LV EDD, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter; LV EDV, left ventricle end-diastolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; LV ESD, left ventricle end-systolic diameter; LV ESV, left ventricle end-systolic volume; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second; FS, fractional shortening; FVC, forced vital capacity; HR, heart rate; ind, indexed for body surface area; IVSd, end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness; MVV, maximal voluntary ventilation; PEF, peak expiratory flow volume; PWd, end-diastolic posterior wall thickness; SBP, systolic blood pressure; Theor, theoretical for the age and body size.