Education | Education consisted of information/advice given by a healthcare practitioner on patellofemoral pain, (aggravating) activity/exercise and management of pain/symptoms. Delivered either face to face or in the form of written materials | Education | Rathleff et al,
27 Linschoten et al,25 Collins et al
26
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Education+exercise therapy+patellar taping/mobilisations | Education (as above), combined with resistance exercise (as described below) and application of taping/movement to the patella | Education+exercise therapy+patellar taping/mobilisations | Rathleff et al,27 Linschoten et al,25 Collins et al26
|
Education+orthosis | Education (as above) in combination with prefabricated orthotics to be placed under the foot in the shoe to support the arch | Education+orthosis | Collins et al,26 Matthews et al,43 Mills et al44
|
Education+exercise therapy+patellar treatments+orthosis | A combination of these treatments outlined above/below | Education+exercise therapy+patellar treatments+orthosis | Collins et al
26
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Wait and see | No treatment or continuing with current/planned management | Wait and see | Mills et al,44 Drew et al
32
|
Exercise therapy | Resistance exercise, that is, muscles contracting against resistance provided in the form of weights, bands or body/limb weight with the goal of improving muscle strength, endurance or mass. Programmes targeted the lower limb and/or trunk muscles (with/without general aerobic conditioning as warm-up/cooldown). This could be delivered face to face or as a home exercise programme | Exercise hip/knee | Matthews et al,43 Baldon et al,30 Giles et al,39 Riel et al,48 Drew et al
32
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Exercise hip/knee trunk | Baldon et al
30
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Exercise hip/knee+blood flow restriction | Giles et al
39
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Exercise hip/knee with feedback | Riel et al
48
|