Changes in muscle CSA
| Longitudinal studies | ||||||||
| Author (year) | Participants (N) TW | CSA region (units) | Baseline CSA mean±SD (95% CI) | Follow-up CSA mean±SD (95% CI) | Number of months of GAHT | % Change | P | T (nmol/L) Base-post GAHT |
| Elbers et al (1999)42 | 20 | Thigh (cm2) | 307±47 | 278±37 (269–287) 271±39 | 12 36 | −9.5 −11.7 | <0.001 <0.001 | 22.0–1.0 22.0–0.9 |
| Wiik (2020)16 | 11 | Quadriceps (mm2) | 6193±679 | 5931±671 (5680– 6190) | 12 | −4.2 | <0.05 | 18.0–0.5 |
| Tack et al (2018)36 | 21 | Forearm (mm2) Calf (mm2) | 3275±541 4204±1282 | 3142±574 3828±478 | 12–31 12–31 | −4.1 −8.9 | <0.05 >0.05 | 15.2–8.8 |
| Van Caenegem et al (2015)41 | 49 | Forearm (mm2) Tibia (mm2) | 3999±746 7742±1361 | 3664±783 3825±867 7623±1479 7448±1390 | 12 24 12 24 | −8.6 −4.4 −1.5 −3.8 | <0.001 <0.001 <0.01 <0.01 | 19.0–0.5 19.0–0.5 |
| Cross-sectional studies | |||||||||
| Author (year) | Participants (N) | CSA region (units) | TW mean±SD | CM mean±SD | Number of months of GAHT | % Difference | P | T (nmol/L) TW | |
| TW | CM | ||||||||
| Lapauw et al (2008)54 | 23 | 46 | Forearm (mm2) Tibia (mm2) | 3500±700 6600±1300 | 4600±700 8700±1100 | 48 48 | −23.9 −24.1 | <0.001 <0.001 | 1.1 |
| Van Caenegem et al (2015)41 | 49 | 49 | Forearm (mm2) Tibia (mm2) | 3999±746 7742±1361 | 4512±579 8233±1498 | Baseline Baseline | −11.4 −6.0 | <0.001 <0.01 | 19.0 |
Data are from MRI or pQCT.
CM, cismen; CSA, cross-sectional area; TW, transwomen.