Characteristics of reviewed studies
| Author (year) | Study type | Country | Study quality rating | Participants (N) | Age (years) | Timing (months post GAHT) | T (nmol/L) | Measures | ||||||
| TW | CM | CW | HNTW | Mean±SD med (min–max) | Baseline post GAHT | LBM | CSA | MS | Hgb or HCT | |||||
| Elbers et al (1999)42 | Follow-up | Netherlands | Mod | 20 | – | – | – | 26±6 | Baseline 12 | 22 1.0 | N | Y | N | N |
| Gooren and Bunck (2004)43 | Follow-up | Netherlands | Mod | 19 | – | – | – | NR | Baseline 12 36 | 21.5 1.0 0.9 | N | Y | N | Y |
| Mueller et al (2011)44 | Prospective | Germany | Mod | 84 | – | – | – | 36.3±11.3 | Baseline 12 24 | 13.6 0.6 0.7 | Y | N | N | N |
| Wierckx et al (2014)45 | Follow-up | Norway and Belgium | Mod | 53 | – | – | – | 31.7±14.8 19.3±2.4 | Baseline 12 | 18.4 0.4 | Y | N | N | Y |
| Gava et al (2016)38 | Follow-up | Italy | Mod | 40 | – | – | – | 32.9±9.4 29.4±10.2 | Baseline 12 | 19.2 0.7 | Y | N | N | N |
| Auer et al (2016)46 | Follow-up | Belgium | Mod | 20 | – | – | – | NR | Baseline 12 | 20.5 2.0 | N | N | Y | Y |
| Auer et al (2018)40 | Follow-up | Belgium | Mod | 45 | – | – | – | 34.8±1.4 | Baseline 12 | 17.5 1.9 | Y | N | N | N |
| Jarin et al (2017)39 | Follow-up | USA | Mod | 13 | – | – | – | 18 (14–25) | Baseline 6 | 13.6 6.9 | N | N | N | Y |
| Defreyne et al (2018)19 | Follow-up | Netherlands and Belgium | Mod | 239 | – | – | – | 28.5 (16–65) | Baseline 3 6 24 | 17.4 0.7 0.6 0.6 | N | N | N | Y |
| Vita et al (2018)48 | Follow-up | Italy | Mod | 21 | – | – | – | 25.2±7.0 | Baseline 30 | 20.5 1.1 | N | N | N | Y |
| Klaver et al (2018)15 | Follow-up | Netherlands and Belgium | Mod | 179 | – | – | – | 29.0 (18–66) | Baseline 12 | Y | N | N | N | |
| Olson-Kennedy et al (2018)49 | Prospective | USA | Mod | 23 | – | – | – | 18 (12–23) | Baseline 24 | 14.8 5.9 | N | N | N | Y |
| Tack et al (2018)36 | Follow-up | Belgium | Mod | 21 | – | – | – | 16.3±1.2 | Baseline 5–31 | 15.2 8.8 | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Tack et al (2017)47 | Follow-up | Belgium | Mod | 21 | – | – | – | 16.3±1.2 | Baseline 12–31 | 15.8 7.8 | N | N | N | Y |
| Scharff et al (2019)17 | Follow-up | Netherlands and Belgium | Mod | 249 | – | – | – | 28 (23–40) | Baseline 12 | 18.3 0.8 | N | N | Y | N |
| Wiik (2020)16 | Prospective | Sweden | Mod | 11 | – | – | – | 27±4 | Baseline 4 12 | 18.0 0.5 0.5 | N | Y | Y | Y |
| Van Caenegem et al (2014)45 | Follow-up and cross-sectional | Belgium | Mod | 49 | 49 | – | – | 33±12 30 (17–67) 33±12 | Baseline 12 24 TW Baseline vs CM | 19.0 0.5 0.5 | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Haraldsen et al (2007)51 | Follow-up and cross-sectional | Norway | Mod | 12 | 77 | – | – | 29.3±7.8 33.9±9.3 | Baseline 12 TW Baseline vs CM | 16.8 6.8 | Y | Y | N | N |
| SoRelle et al (2019)52 | Cross-sectional | USA | Mod | 133 | – | – | 87 | 33±12 31±12 | TW>6 m vs HNTW | 1.9 12.7 | N | N | N | Y |
| Greene et al (2019)18 | Cross-sectional | USA | Mod | 93 | – | – | – | 35.1 (18–69) | TW>12 m vs CW ranges | 1.4 | N | N | N | Y |
| Roberts et al (2014)53 | Cross-sectional | USA | Mod | 55 | 20 | 20 | – | 46 (27–67) 58 (21–84) 56 (23–88) | TW>6 m vs CM TW>6 m vs CW | N | N | N | Y | |
| Lapauw et al (2008)54 | Cross-sectional | Belgium | Mod | 23 | 20 | – | – | 41±7 40±7 | TW>48 m vs CM | 1.1 20.1 | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Jain et al (2019)50 | Cross-sectional | USA | Mod | 277 | – | – | 102 | 31±7.1 31±7.1 | TW vs HNTW | N | N | N | Y | |
| Sharula (2012)37 | Cross-sectional | Japan | Mod | 129 | – | – | 22 | 33.9±10.0 31.5±9.9 | TW vs HNTW | 2.5 20.5 | N | N | N | Y |
CM, cismen; CSA, cross-sectional area; CW, ciswomen; HCT, haematocrit; Hgb, haemoglobin; HNTW, hormone-naive transwomen; LBM, lean body mass; TW, transwomen.