Table 5

Summary of the number of studies (n) reporting injury variables regarding tissue and pathology type

Tissue type	Pathology type	All studies (n=19)	Training-related studies (n=6)	Race-related studies (n=13)
Tissue type	Pathology type	All studies (n=19)	Training-related studies (n=6)	Sub-marathon* (n=1)	Marathon† (n=2)	Ultramarathon‡ (n=11)
Muscle/tendon		88 9 22 26 27 29 32 33	48 9 26 33	–	122	327 29 32
	Muscle injury	58 9 26 29 33	48 9 26 33	–	–	129
	Muscle cramping	327 29 32	–	–	–	327 29 32
	Tendinopathy	78 9 22 26 29 32 33	48 9 26 33	–	122	229 32
	Tendon rupture	133	133	–	–	–
Nervous		48 26 29 33	38 26 33	–	–	129
	Brain/concussion or spinal cord injury	229 33	133	–	–	129
	Peripheral nerve injury	28 33	28 33	–	–	–
Bone		48 9 26 33	48 9 26 33	–	–	–
	Fracture	29 33	29 33	–	–	–
	Bone stress injury	38 9 33	38 9 33	–	–	–
Cartilage/synovium/bursa		48 22 26 33	38 26 33	–	122	–
	Cartilage injury	28 33	28 33	–	–	–
	Synovitis/capsulitis	133	133	–	–	–
	Bursitis	222 33	133	–	122	–
Ligament/joint capsule		79 22 24 26 29 32 33	39 26 33	–	122	324 29 32
	Joint sprain (ligament tear/acute instability episode)	88 9 22 24 26 29 32 33	48 9 26 33	–	122	324 29 32
	Chronic instability	19	19	–	–	–
Superficial tissues/skin		136 9 22–26 28 30–34	49 26 28 33	–	122	86 23–25 30–32 34
	Laceration	422 24 32 33	133	–	122	224 32
	Abrasion	66 9 23–25 29	19	–	–	56 23–25 29
	Blisters	96 22–26 30–32	126	–	122	76 23–25 30–32
	Contusion (superficial)	29 29	19	–	–	129
	Haematoma	223 32	–	–	–	223 32
	Frost injury	125	–	–	–	125
	Chafing	49 23 30 32	19	–	–	323 30 32
	Sunburn	323 24 34	–	–	–	323 24 34