Table 3

Mean differences in the proportion of achieved PASS between patients treated non-surgically and ACL-reconstructed patients.

PainSymptomsADLSport&RecQoL
Baseline−7.5 (−10.7 to −4.3)*−9.9 (−14.3 to −5.5)*−3.6 (−6.5 to −0.7)*−2.6 (−5.7 to 0.6)−1.7 (−4.2 to 0.7)
1 year−13.0 (−16.8 to −9.2)*−2.3 (−5.1 to 0.5)−10.0 (−13.4 to −6.6)*−13.2 (−17.0 to −9.4)*−25.4 (−29.1 to −21.7)*
2 years−10.0 (−14.3 to −5.6)*−1.7 (−4.6 to 1.2)−5.3 (−9.4 to −1.2)*−9.7 (−14.0 to −5.4)*−16.9 (−21.2 to −12.5)*
5 years−6.5 (−12.5 to −0.5)*−1.8 (−5.5 to 1.9)−7.9 (−13.6 to −2.1)*−9.3 (−15.3 to −3.4)*−11.0 (−16.9 to −5.1)*
10 years−19.0 (−30.2 to −7.8)*−4.7 (−12.7 to 3.4)−11.5 (−22.4 to −0.7)*−18.2 (−29.3 to −7.1)*−24.8 (−36.0 to −13.6)*

  • Data are presented as the mean with 95% CIs between groups, unless otherwise stated. Mean differences are reported as patients treated non-surgically compared with patients treated with ACL reconstruction. Therefore, negative mean differences indicate superior outcomes for patients treated with ACL reconstruction.

  • *P<0.05.

  • ACL, anterior cruciate ligament; ADL, activities of daily living; PASS, Patient Acceptable Symptom State; QoL, quality of life; Sport&Rec, function in sport and recreation.