Patientcharacteristics based on the prevalence of persistent or exertional symptoms
| Patient characteristics* | No persistent or exertional (n=3424) | Persistent symptoms (n=44)† | Exertional symptoms (n=137)† |
| Female | 1101 (32) | 16 (36) | 70 (51)‡ |
| Age, mean (SD) | 20 (1) | 20 (2) | 20 (1) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 26 (5) | 26 (6) | 25 (5) |
| White-non-Hispanic | 2191 (64) | 27 (61) | 83 (61) |
| Black | 922 (27) | 13 (30) | 48 (35)‡ |
| White-Hispanic | 108 (3) | 1 (2) | 1 (0.7) |
| Mixed | 72 (2) | 0 | 1 (0.7) |
| Other§ | 87 (3) | 2 (4) | 2 (1) |
| Pre-existing conditions* | |||
| Sickle cell trait | 37 (1) | 0 | 3 (2) |
| Diabetes | 11 (0.3) | 1 (2) | 0 |
| Hypertension | 18 (0.6) | 1 (2) | 1 (0.7) |
| Asthma (mild-intermittent) | 329 (10) | 2 (4) | 23 (17)‡ |
| Asthma (mild-persistent or greater) | 69 (2) | 4 (9)‡ | 10 (7)‡ |
| Immunosuppressive agent | 6 (0.2) | 0 | 0 |
| Obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2) | 420 (12) | 8 (18) | 11 (8) |
| Initial symptoms in initially symptomatic patients¶ | |||
| Headache | 784 (39) | 12 (32) | 44 (41) |
| Loss of taste/smell | 753 (38) | 30 (79)‡ | 43 (40) |
| Nasal congestion | 631 (31) | 11 (29) | 20 (19)‡ |
| Sore throat | 629 (31) | 7 (18) | 27 (25) |
| Myalgias | 563 (28) | 8 (21) | 26 (24) |
| Cough | 554 (28) | 11 (29) | 39 (36) |
| Fatigue | 502 (25) | 15 (39) | 32 (30) |
| Fever | 473 (24) | 8 (21) | 31 (29) |
| Chills | 259 (13) | 3 (8) | 13 (12) |
| Shortness of breath | 188 (9) | 9 (24)‡ | 30 (28)‡ |
| Rhinorrhoea | 170 (8) | 3 (8) | 3 (3) |
| Chest pain | 99 (5) | 6 (16)‡ | 19 (18)‡ |
| Diarrhoea | 91 (5) | 3 (8) | 8 (7) |
| Other | 87 (4) | 3 (8) | 4 (4) |
| Nausea | 77 (4) | 2 (5) | 6 (6) |
| Vomiting | 32 (2) | 2 (5) | 3 (3) |
| Exercise intolerance | 6 (0.3) | 0 | 1 (0.9) |
| Palpitations | 4 (0.2) | 0 | 1 (0.9) |
| COVID-19 toes/ fingers | 2 (0.1) | 0 | 0 |
Presented as n (%) unless noted otherwise.
*Partial data for available for the following characteristics: age n=3412 (no persistent or exertional)/n=43 (persistent symptoms), sex 1 patient responded as non-binary in the no persistent or exertional group, BMI n=3040 (no persistent or exertional)/ n=112 (exertional symptoms), race n=3380 (no persistent or exertional)/ n=43 (persistent symptoms)/n=135 (exertional symptoms), pre-existing conditions n=3204 (no persistent or exertional)/n=136 (exertional symptoms).
†There were eight athletes who were included in both the persistent symptoms group and the exertional symptoms group.
‡P<0.05 compared with the reference group (no persistent or exertional).
§Other category includes Asian, American-Indian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander and self-selected other.
¶The number of asymptomatic athletes during initial infection for each group was as follows: no persistent or exertional (n=1056), persistent symptoms (n=0), exertional symptoms (n=18). For the remaining patients, initial symptom type was available in the following: no persistent or exertional (n=2005), persistent symptoms (n=38), exertional symptoms (n=108).
BMI, body mass index.