Female sports medicine physicians | OR | 95% CI | P value |
Male athletes | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 4.21 | 1.06 to 16.63 | 0.040 |
North America | 2.76 | 1.40 to 5.46 | 0.004 |
Female athletes | |||
NA | NA | NA | NA |
Male coaches | |||
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
PM & R | 0.38 | 0.18 to 0.80 | 0.011 |
Female coaches | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 7.48 | 1.86 to 30.04 | 0.005 |
Male physicians in practice longer | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 6.92 | 1.34 to 35.74 | 0.021 |
North America | 4.55 | 2.02 to 10.29 | <0.001 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Orthopaedics | 4.36 | 1.51 to 12.58 | 0.006 |
Male physicians in practice the same or less | |||
Residency training (Ref: family medicine | |||
PM & R | 0.47 | 0.24 to 0.92 | 0.027 |
Female physicians in practice longer | |||
Age | 0.97 | 0.95 to 1.00 | 0.043 |
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 3.35 | 1.01 to 11.13 | 0.048 |
Female physicians in practice the same or less | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 3.65 | 1.07 to 12.41 | 0.039 |
Male athletic trainers | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 12.11 | 2.48 to 59.25 | 0.002 |
North America | 2.18 | 1.11 to 4.30 | 0.024 |
Female athletic trainers | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 7.16 | 2.02 to 25.47 | 0.002 |
North America | 2.44 | 1.13 to 5.27 | 0.023 |
Organisations/administrations | |||
Age | 1.03 | 1.00 to 1.05 | 0.046 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
PM&R | 0.47 | 0.24 to 0.94 | 0.033 |
Male sports medicine physicians | |||
Male athletes | |||
Age | 0.99 | 0.97 to 1.00 | 0.038 |
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Asia | 0.52 | 0.34 to 0.81 | 0.003 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Emergency medicine | 0.27 | 0.10 to 0.76 | 0.013 |
Female athletes | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Asia | 0.53 | 0.34 to 0.84 | 0.007 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Orthopaedics | 0.51 | 0.30 to 0.86 | 0.011 |
Emergency medicine | 0.23 | 0.08 to 0.67 | 0.007 |
Male coaches | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Asia | 0.58 | 0.37 to 0.89 | 0.014 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Emergency medicine | 0.22 | 0.07 to 0.64 | 0.006 |
Sports medicine | 3.24 | 1.26 to 8.34 | 0.015 |
Female coaches | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 5.64 | 1.76 to 18.05 | 0.004 |
North America | 1.78 | 1.11 to 2.88 | 0.018 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Orthopaedics | 0.48 | 0.28 to 0.82 | 0.007 |
Emergency medicine | 0.23 | 0.07 to 0.74 | 0.014 |
Male physicians in practice longer | |||
Age | 0.96 | 0.95 to 0.97 | <0.001 |
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
North America | 1.82 | 1.09 to 3.06 | 0.023 |
South America | 2.76 | 1.11 to 6.85 | 0.029 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Sports medicine | 2.98 | 1.18 to 7.51 | 0.021 |
Male physicians in practice the same or less | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Africa | 3.12 | 1.07 to 9.07 | 0.037 |
Female physicians in practice longer | |||
Age | 0.96 | 0.94 to 0.97 | <0.001 |
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Asia | 0.61 | 0.38 to 0.98 | 0.040 |
Female physicians in practice the same or less | |||
NA | NA | NA | NA |
Male athletic trainers | |||
Region (Ref: Europe) | |||
Asia | 0.60 | 0.38 to 0.94 | 0.026 |
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Emergency medicine | 0.24 | 0.07 to 0.88 | 0.031 |
Sports medicine | 2.55 | 1.08 to 6.00 | 0.032 |
Female athletic trainers | |||
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Emergency medicine | 0.19 | 0.04 to 0.86 | 0.031 |
Organisations/administrations | |||
Residency training (Ref: family medicine) | |||
Sports medicine | 2.88 | 1.20 to 6.91 | 0.018 |
PM&R, physical medicine and rehabilitation.