Odds of lower limb OA for Olympians versus a general population control
| Knee OA | Olympians versus controls | Hip OA | Olympians versus controls | |||||||
| Olympians | Controls | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | Olympians | Controls | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| n (%) | n (%) | Crude | Adjusted a, s, b | Adjusted a, s, b, i | n (%) | n (%) | Crude | Adjusted a, s, b | Adjusted a, s, b, i | |
| OA | 247 (7.36) | 95 (5.48) | 1.37 (1.07 to 1.75) | 1.33 (1.02 to 1.73) | 1.17 (0.88 to 1.54) | 112 (3.34) | 36 (2.07) | 1.63 (1.11 to 2.38) | 1.46 (0.96 to 2.23) | 1.43 (0.93 to 2.20) |
| Age | ||||||||||
| 20–39 | 40 (3.35) | 17 (2.19) | 1.38 (0.98 to 2.40) | 1.60 (0.90 to 2.86) | 1.32 (0.71 to 2.42) | 19 (1.59) | 3 (0.39) | – | – | – |
| 40–59 | 114 (8.39) | 48 (7.43) | 1.14 (0.80 to 1.62) | 1.29 (0.89 to 1.87) | 1.09 (0.74 to 1.60) | 42 (3.09) | 11 (1.70) | 1.84 (0.94 to 3.60) | 1.97 (1.00 to 3.91) | 1.88 (0.93 to 3.78) |
| >60 | 78 (13.45) | 26 (12.26) | 1.11 (0.69 to 1.79) | 1.42 (0.83 to 2.40) | 1.29 (0.74 to 2.23) | 42 (7.24) | 19 (8.96) | 0.79 (0.45 to 1.40) | 0.77 (0.42 to 1.41) | 0.80 (0.43 to 1.48) |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 113 (6.14) | 33 (4.56) | 1.37 (0.92 to 2.04) | 1.14 (0.75 to 1.74) | 1.11 (0.72 to 1.72) | 62 (3.37) | 15 (2.07) | 1.65 (0.93 to 2.91) | 1.37 (0.73 to 2.54) | 1.42 (0.75 to 2.69) |
| Female | 133 (8.94) | 61 (6.11) | 1.51 (1.10 to 2.06) | 1.56 (1.10 to 2.20) | 1.29 (0.90 to 1.86) | 49 (3.29) | 20 (2.00) | 1.66 (0.98 to 2.82) | 1.61 (0.90 to 2.86) | 1.55 (0.86 to 2.82) |
| BMI | ||||||||||
| Normal | 112 (6.31) | 38 (3.87) | 1.67 (1.15 to 2.44) | 1.59 (1.07 to 2.36) | 1.42 (0.95 to 2.15) | 51 (2.87) | 11 (1.12) | 2.61 (1.35 to 5.03) | 2.83 (1.32 to 6.06) | 2.73 (1.26 to 5.88) |
| Overweight | 84 (7.90) | 28 (6.13) | 1.31 (0.84 to 2.05) | 1.37 (0.85 to 2.20) | 1.24 (0.75 to 2.03) | 41 (3.86) | 14 (3.06) | 1.27 (0.69 to 2.35) | 1.11 (0.58 to 2.12) | 0.97 (0.50 to 1.86) |
| Obese | 36 (10.53) | 22 (11.58) | 0.90 (0.51 to 1.58) | 0.75 (0.40 to 1.39) | 0.59 (0.31 to 1.13) | 14 (4.09) | 9 (4.74) | 0.86 (0.36 to 2.02) | 0.64 (0.23 to 1.78) | 0.88 (0.29 to 2.71) |
| Injury | 164 (22.04) | 50 (14.53) | 1.66 (1.17 to 2.35) | 1.51 (1.03 to 2.21) | 26 (19.12) | 7 (11.48) | 1.82 (0.74 to 4.47) | 4.03 (1.10 to 14.85) | ||
| Recurrent injury | 105 (30.61) | 21 (17.36) | 2.10 (1.25 to 3.55) | 1.86 (1.06 to 3.26) | 19 (26.39) | 3 (15.00) | – | – | ||
Values are presented as count (n) and prevalence (%), with comparisons made between Olympians and controls. Controls are the reference value (1.00). OR adjusted a, s, b=ORs adjusted for covariates age, sex and BMI. OR adjusted a, s, b, I=ORs are adjusted for age, sex, BMI and injury. Bold denotes statistical significance. –Analysis not performed due to small number of events (<5). Comparison between Olympians and controls for the ankle presented in online supplemental appendix 7 due to the small number of events in control data.
BMI, body mass index; OA, osteoarthritis.