Comparison of baseline demographic variables and the incidence of a second ACL injury between GJH and non-GJH patients
| Variable | GJH (n=50) | Non-GJH (n=175) | P value |
| Age at reconstruction, mean±SD (years) | 22.3±6.4 | 25.0±8.1 | 0.031 |
| Male, n (%) | 19 (38.0%) | 86 (49.1%) | 0.22 |
| Height, mean±SD (cm) | 174.6±9.3 | 175.1±9.5 | 0.79 |
| Weight, mean±SD (kg) | 71.4±11.0 | 72.6±12.5 | 0.55 |
| BMI, mean±SD (kg/m2) | 23.3±2.1 | 23.6±2.8 | 0.56 |
| Right knee, n (%) | 30 (60.0%) | 96 (54.9%) | 0.63 |
| Smoking n (%) | 1 (2.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0.79 |
| Beighton score, median (range) | 6 (5-9) | 2 (1-4) | |
| Time from injury to surgery, mean (95% CI) (months) | 4.90 (3.42 to 6.33) | 8.86 (5.28 to 12.44) n=174 | 0.17 |
| Graft type, n (%) | 0.25 | ||
| Hamstring tendon autograft | 34 (68.0%) | 139 (79.4%) | |
| Patellar tendon autograft | 16 (32.0%) | 32 (18.3%) | |
| Quadriceps tendon autograft | 0 | 1 (0.6%) | |
| Allograft | 0 | 2 (1.1%) | |
| Other | 0 | 1 (0.6%) | |
| Time until RTS (Tegner activity level≥6), mean (95% CI) (months) | 9.2 (7.7 to 10.7) | 11.5 (10.4 to 12.7) | 0.031 |
| Second ACL injury within 12 months of RTS, n (%) | 7 (14.0%) | 5 (2.9%) | 0.012 |
| Ipsilateral second ACL injury | |||
| None within 12 months of RTS | 46 (92.0%) | 171 (97.7%) | |
| 0–4 months from RTS | 1 (2.0%) | 3 (1.7%) | |
| 4–8 months from RTS | 2 (4.0%) | 0 | |
| 8–12 months from RTS | 1 (2.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | |
| Contralateral second ACL injury | |||
| None within 12 months of RTS | 47 (94.0%) | 174 (99.4%) | |
| 0–4 months from RTS | 0 | 0 | |
| 4–8 months from RTS | 2 (4.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | |
| 8–12 months from RTS | 1 (2.0%) | 0 | |
| Time from RTS to second ACL injury in patients with a 12-month or longer follow-up, mean (95% CI) (months) | 21.0 (11.3 to 30.6) | 18.0 (9.3 to 26.6) | 0.63 |
| Cumulative incidence of a second ACL injury in patients with a 12-month or longer follow-up, n (%) | 15 (38.2%) | 14 (10.1%) | <0.001 |
| Ipsilateral second ACL injury | 8 (16.0%) | 7 (4.0%) | |
| Contralateral second ACL injury | 7 (14.0%) | 7 (4.0%) |
ACL, anterior cruciate ligament; BMI, body mass index; GJH, generalised joint hypermobility; N, number; RTS, return to sport.