Population
InterventionUpper-body, lower-body and/or whole-body resistance training. RTx aligns with one predefined node; specifically, exercises performed: with high(H; ≥80% 1 RM or ≥8 RM) or low(L; <80% 1 RM or >8 RM) load, AND for a single (S) or multiple (M) sets, AND once-weekly (1), twice-weekly (2) or at least thrice-weekly (3). Intervention duration ≥6 weeks.
ComparisonRTx variable (load, sets or frequency) differentially prescribed between training groups Eligible RTx compared with CTRL.
Outcome
Muscle strength:
Muscle size: Fat-free mass, fat-free and bone-free mass, lean mass, whole-muscle cross-sectional area or volume or thickness or muscle fibre cross-sectional area. Eligible measurement instruments:
Physical function: Assessed physical function in older adults (mean age ≥55 years old) in the domain(s):Mobility: (defined as a person’s ability to move physically, eg, Timed Up and Go Test, Chair Rise Sit to Stand). Balance: (defined as the ability to maintain a controlled body position during a given task, eg, Berg Balance Test, Sit and Reach Test). Gait speed: (defined as the time it takes to cover a given distance, eg, 6 Minute Walk Test, or 25 Foot Walk Test).
Study designRandomised trial. Reported in English.
| PopulationNon-human species. <18 years old. Persons with or at risk for comorbidities (eg, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, type I diabetes, cancer, peripheral artery disease, osteoarthritis). Persons that are injured (eg, musculoskeletal-related fracture and/or repair). Athletes or military personnel. Explicitly mentions obese and/or overweight participants. Individuals that are hospitalised (inpatient/outpatient/rehabilitation). Individuals living in long-term care homes.
InterventionResistance training involved added intervention (eg, blood flow restriction) RTx does not align with one node (eg, load 60–90% 1RM). Explicitly mentions unsupervised resistance training. Resistance training familiarisation/lead-in >4 weeks. CTRL received treatment beyond habitual lifestyle (eg, nutritional advice, lifestyle consultation).
Comparison
Outcome
Study designNon-randomised trials. Systematic reviews (ie, systematic reviews; meta-analyses review; meta-regressions; umbrella reviews; network meta-analyses). Narrative reviews. Observational studies (eg, retrospective, prospective or longitudinal).
|