Baseline characteristics of participants, by physical activity guideline level
| Met neither guideline,* n (weighted %) | Met aerobic only,† n (weighted %) | Met strength only,‡ n (weighted %) | Met both guidelines,§ n (weighted %) | P value | |
| Total | 303 227 (50.5) | 153 156 (27.2) | 20 742 (3.6) | 100 784 (18.7) | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 119 427 (43.4) | 70 367 (49.4) | 9737 (50.7) | 54 454 (57.0) | <0.001 |
| Female | 183 800 (56.6) | 82 789 (50.6) | 11 005 (49.3) | 46 330 (43.0) | |
| Age, years | |||||
| 18–34 | 70 709 (26.0) | 45 894 (32.1) | 5201 (28.9) | 40 150 (42.3) | <0.001 |
| 35–49 | 78 319 (27.4) | 43 260 (29.2) | 5114 (25.9) | 29 455 (29.2) | |
| 50–64 | 74 985 (25.2) | 36 448 (23.9) | 4919 (24.0) | 19 864 (19.5) | |
| 65–74 | 38 817 (10.9) | 17 369 (9.5) | 2826 (11.4) | 7697 (6.3) | |
| ≥75 | 40 397 (10.5) | 10 185 (5.2) | 2682 (9.8) | 3618 (2.7) | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| NH white | 181 279 (65.9) | 104 520 (72.8) | 13 498 (69.0) | 70 600 (73.2) | <0.001 |
| NH black | 48 836 (13.3) | 17 273 (9.4) | 3154 (13.3) | 11 991 (10.7) | |
| Hispanic | 57 357 (15.4) | 22 227 (12.1) | 2959 (12.0) | 12 599 (10.9) | |
| NH other¶ | 15 755 (5.5) | 9136 (5.7) | 1131 (5.7) | 5594 (5.2) | |
| Education | |||||
| <High school | 71 773 (20.7) | 18 765 (11.1) | 2873 (12.2) | 6090 (6.2) | <0.001 |
| High school | 94 818 (32.2) | 38 275 (25.4) | 5401 (26.6) | 17 419 (17.7) | |
| Some college | 82 125 (27.7) | 47 868 (31.2) | 6801 (32.9) | 33 953 (33.5) | |
| College graduate | 54 511 (19.4) | 48 248 (32.3) | 5667 (28.4) | 43 322 (42.7) | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 137 388 (55.4) | 75 446 (58.3) | 8860 (52.7) | 44 259 (52.1) | <0.001 |
| DSW | 92 318 (20.4) | 34 198 (14.1) | 6281 (19.7) | 19 046 (11.8) | |
| Never married | 57 415 (17.7) | 34 487 (20.6) | 4586 (21.3) | 31 432 (29.0) | |
| Other** | 16 106 (6.5) | 9025 (7.0) | 1015 (6.3) | 6047 (7.1) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 170 051 (56.3) | 88 039 (58.3) | 11 705 (58.0) | 64 268 (65.2) | <0.001 |
| Former | 66 571 (21.7) | 35 614 (23.0) | 5357 (24.8) | 22 424 (21.4) | |
| Current | 66 605 (21.9) | 29 503 (18.7) | 3680 (17.3) | 14 092 (13.3) | |
| Alcohol consumption | |||||
| Never | 86 435 (27.3) | 27 383 (17.7) | 3744 (18.3) | 12 034 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Former | 56 804 (17.7) | 20 339 (12.4) | 3483 (14.9) | 9371 (8.6) | |
| Current, non-heavy | 146 567 (50.5) | 96 643 (64.3) | 12 518 (62.1) | 72 899 (72.5) | |
| Current, heavy | 13 421 (4.4) | 8791 (5.6) | 997 (4.7) | 6480 (6.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||||
| <18.5 | 6523 (2.2) | 2331 (1.5) | 397 (2.0) | 1314 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 96 524 (31.8) | 56 080 (36.7) | 7725 (37.9) | 43 442 (42.8) | |
| 25.0–29.9 | 98 485 (32.5) | 53 821 (35.1) | 7168 (34.3) | 36 310 (36.1) | |
| ≥30.0 | 91 382 (30.1) | 37 472 (24.3) | 5074 (24.1) | 18 348 (18.4) | |
| Unknown | 10 313 (3.4) | 3452 (2.3) | 378 (1.7) | 1370 (1.3) | |
| Underlying condition | |||||
| Heart disease | 46 199 (14.0) | 15 770 (9.7) | 3153 (13.6) | 7896 (7.3) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 12 819 (3.7) | 2775 (1.6) | 865 (3.4) | 1123 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 108 765 (33.2) | 41 164 (25.1) | 6939 (29.9) | 19 456 (17.9) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 35 262 (10.7) | 10 928 (6.6) | 2012 (8.6) | 3915 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | 24 901 (7.5) | 9910 (6.0) | 1826 (7.7) | 5016 (4.6) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 22 220 (6.8) | 6575 (3.9) | 1255 (5.4) | 2939 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| Asthma | 35 853 (11.8) | 17 126 (11.2) | 2674 (12.5) | 12 155 (12.2) | <0.001 |
| Vaccination | |||||
| Influenza†† | 107 012 (34.1) | 54 001 (34.3) | 8221 (37.4) | 34 812 (33.8) | <0.001 |
| Pneumococcal‡‡ | 68 919 (20.8) | 28 695 (17.0) | 5489 (23.5) | 16 102 (14.6) | <0.001 |
Sample adults who participated in the National Health Interview Survey from 1998 to 2018 and were eligible for linkage to the National Death Index through 2019 (n=577 909).
*Reported <150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity and <2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity.
†Reported ≥150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity and <2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity.
‡Reported ≥2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity and <150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity.
§Reported ≥150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity and ≥2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity.
¶Includes persons who identify as non-Hispanic and any of American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander or multiracial.
**Living with partner, refused and do not know.
††Reported receiving an influenza vaccination in the prior 12 months.
‡‡Reported ever receiving a pneumococcal vaccine.
BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DSW, divorced, separated or widowed; NH, non-Hispanic.