HRs for influenza and pneumonia deaths, by meeting physical activity guidelines
| Guideline met | Deaths | Person-years | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR* (95% CI) | Adjusted HR† (95% CI) |
| Neither‡ | 1128 | 3 133 418 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Aerobic only§ | 239 | 1 571 944 | 0.43 (0.36 to 0.50) | 0.60 (0.50 to 0.71) | 0.64 (0.54 to 0.76) |
| Strength only¶ | 71 | 208 731 | 1.00 (0.75 to 1.33) | 1.12 (0.85 to 1.49) | 1.16 (0.88 to 1.54) |
| Both** | 78 | 1 016 632 | 0.20 (0.15 to 0.26) | 0.46 (0.35 to 0.61) | 0.52 (0.39 to 0.68) |
Sample adults who participated in the National Health Interview Survey from 1998 to 2018 and were eligible for linkage to the National Death Index through 2019 (n=577 909).
*Adjusted for sex, age, race/ethnicity, education and marital status.
†Adjusted for sex; age; race/ethnicity; education; marital status; smoking status; alcohol consumption; body mass index; presence of heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma and influenza and pneumococcal vaccination status.
‡Reported <150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity and <2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity.
§Reported ≥150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity and <2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity.
¶Reported ≥2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity and <150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity.
**Reported ≥150 min/week of moderate-intensity equivalent physical activity and ≥2 episodes/week of muscle-strengthening activity.