Baseline characteristics of the participants by categories of the accelerometer-measured total volume of physical activity (n=59 325)
| Total sample | Total volume of physical activity (mg)* | P value | ||||
| P0–P10 (≤26.1) | P10–P50 (26.2–38.0) | P50–P90 (38.1–54.3) | P90–P100 (>54.3) | |||
| Sample size (n) | 59 325 | 5933 | 23 730 | 23 729 | 5933 | |
| Follow-up in years, median (IQR) | 6.8 (6.3–7.3) | 6.7 (6.2–7.3) | 6.8 (6.3–7.3) | 6.9 (6.3–7.4) | 6.9 (6.3–7.4) | |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||||
| Age at accelerometer measurement, years, mean (SD) | 61.1 (7.8) | 64.4 (7.5) | 62.2 (7.7) | 60.2 (7.7) | 57.5 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| Men, n (%) | 26 098 (44.0) | 3089 (52.1) | 10 547 (44.4) | 9777 (41.2) | 2685 (45.3) | <0.001 |
| White European, n (%) | 57 577 (97.1) | 5789 (97.6) | 23 065 (97.2) | 22 989 (96.9) | 5734 (96.6) | 0.004 |
| College or university degree, n (%) | 27 621 (46.6) | 2532 (42.7) | 11 182 (47.1) | 11 136 (46.9) | 2771 (46.7) | <0.001 |
| Townsend deprivation index, n (%) | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 14 830 (25.0) | 1344 (22.7) | 5895 (24.8) | 6090 (25.7) | 1501 (25.3) | <0.001 |
| Quartile 2 | 14 834 (25.0) | 1461 (24.6) | 5936 (25.0) | 5949 (25.1) | 1488 (25.1) | |
| Quartile 3 | 14 828 (25.0) | 1464 (24.7) | 5917 (24.9) | 5984 (25.2) | 1463 (24.7) | |
| Quartile 4 | 14 833 (25.0) | 1664 (28.0) | 5982 (25.2) | 5706 (24.0) | 1481 (25.0) | |
| Household income, £/year, n (%) | ||||||
| <18 000 | 7794 (13.1) | 1189 (20.0) | 3302 (13.9) | 2684 (11.3) | 619 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| 18 000–30 999 | 13 573 (22.9) | 1602 (27.0) | 5617 (23.7) | 5149 (21.7) | 1205 (20.3) | |
| 31 000–51 999 | 17 425 (29.4) | 1639 (27.6) | 6911 (29.1) | 7094 (29.9) | 1781 (30.0) | |
| >52 000 | 20 533 (34.6) | 1503 (25.3) | 7900 (33.3) | 8802 (37.1) | 2328 (39.2) | |
| Employed, n (%) | 38 487 (64.9) | 2979 (50.2) | 14 555 (61.3) | 16 423 (69.2) | 4530 (76.4) | <0.001 |
| Non-PA lifestyle factors | ||||||
| Current smoking, n (%) | 4023 (6.8) | 640 (10.8) | 1629 (6.9) | 1430 (6.0) | 324 (5.5) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption frequency, n (%) | ||||||
| Daily or most daily | 13 689 (23.1) | 1322 (22.3) | 5544 (23.4) | 5511 (23.2) | 1312 (22.1) | <0.001 |
| Three or four times a week | 15 979 (26.9) | 1306 (22.0) | 6265 (26.4) | 6683 (28.2) | 1725 (29.1) | |
| Once or twice a week | 14 987 (25.3) | 1405 (23.7) | 5939 (25.0) | 6085 (25.6) | 1558 (26.3) | |
| One to three times a month | 6479 (10.9) | 770 (13.0) | 2640 (11.1) | 2475 (10.4) | 594 (10.0) | |
| Never or special occasions only | 8191 (13.8) | 1130 (19.0) | 3342 (14.1) | 2975 (12.5) | 744 (12.5) | |
| Healthy diet score, mean (SD)† | 3.1 (1.4) | 2.9 (1.4) | 3.1 (1.4) | 3.2 (1.4) | 3.3 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, n (%) | ||||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 336 (0.6) | 17 (0.3) | 109 (0.5) | 146 (0.6) | 64 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 24 446 (41.2) | 1475 (24.9) | 8362 (35.2) | 11 142 (47.0) | 3467 (58.4) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 24 402 (41.1) | 2500 (42.1) | 10 380 (43.7) | 9522 (40.1) | 2000 (33.7) | |
| Obese (≥30.0) | 10 141 (17.1) | 1941 (32.7) | 4879 (20.6) | 2919 (12.3) | 402 (6.8) | |
| Pre-existing chronic conditions | ||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 27 765 (46.8) | 3641 (61.4) | 12 022 (50.7) | 9972 (42.0) | 2130 (35.9) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 26 101 (44.0) | 3490 (58.8) | 11 360 (47.9) | 9435 (39.8) | 1816 (30.6) | <0.001 |
| Depression, n (%) | 6836 (11.5) | 899 (15.2) | 2819 (11.9) | 2531 (10.7) | 587 (9.9) | <0.001 |
| Sources of T2D diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||
| Not diagnosed | 58 441 (98.5) | 5728 (96.5) | 23 321 (98.3) | 23 493 (99.0) | 5899 (99.4) | <0.001 |
| Death registration, self-reported or others | 105 (0.2) | 21 (0.4) | 38 (0.2) | 41 (0.2) | 5 (0.1) | |
| Hospital inpatient record | 779 (1.3) | 184 (3.1) | 371 (1.6) | 195 (0.8) | 29 (0.5) | |
| Accelerometer-related variables | ||||||
| Total wear days, mean (SD) | 6.7 (0.7) | 6.7 (0.7) | 6.7 (0.7) | 6.7 (0.7) | 6.7 (0.8) | 0.059 |
| The total volume of physical activity, mg, mean (SD) | 39.5 (11.9) | 22.4 (3.1) | 32.6 (3.3) | 44.6 (4.5) | 63.7 (10.3) | <0.001 |
| MVPA, min/day, mean (SD) | 32.6 (27.3) | 13.4 (12.5) | 24.7 (18.9) | 38.3 (26.5) | 61.2 (38.7) | <0.001 |
| LPA, min/day, mean (SD) | 319.0 (94.1) | 205.7 (59.3) | 287.5 (68.1) | 356.1 (80.3) | 409.4 (101.2) | <0.001 |
| PRS, mean (SD) | 414.3 (12.1) | 413.8 (12.0) | 414.3 (12.1) | 414.3 (12.2) | 414.4 (12.1) | 0.008 |
*Based on the 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles of total physical activity distribution.
†Health diet score was calculated based on self-reported servings of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, vegetable oil, fish, dairy, refined grains, unprocessed meats, processed meats and sugar-sweetened beverages. More details can be found in online supplemental table 3.
LPA, light-intensity physical activity; mg, milligravity; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity; P, percentiles; PRS, polygenic risk score; T2D, type 2 diabetes.