Tests and measurements of functional, somatometric characteristics and asymmetries of the lower limbs of professional soccer players (N=100)
| Intrinsic risk factor | Anatomical elements*/property | Assessed variables | Experimental equipment—procedure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isokinetic muscle strength | Knee extensors | Con 60, 180, 300°/s; Ecc 60, 180°/s (Nm) | Biodex System III4 |
| Knee flexors | Con 60, 180, 300°/s; Ecc 60, 180°/s (Nm) | ||
| Ankle plantar flexors | Con—Ecc 60°/s (Nm) | ||
| Ankle dorsal flexors | Con—Ecc 60°/s (Nm) | ||
| Functional knee strength ratio | Eccentric knee flexors/concentric knee extensors | 180°/s (Nm) | Biodex system III4 |
| Muscle flexibility | Hamstrings | Range of motion (°) | Goniometric evaluation37 |
| Quadriceps | |||
| Ankle plantar flexors | |||
| Proprioception | Neuromuscular coordination of the lower extremities | Percentage deterioration from ideal kinaesthetic rotation of the ankle joint | Kinaesthetic stabilometer Prokin-200 (Prokin-technobody Italy)38 |
| Anthropometrics | WeightHeightMid-thigh girthLower limb functional length | Weight (kg) | International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry method39 |
| Height (cm) | |||
| Mid-thigh girth (cm) | |||
| Lower-limb functional length (cm) | |||
| Joint stability | Knee joint | Anterior knee laxity (mm) | KT-1000 (medmetric)40 |
| Previous injuries | Lower-extremity injuries | Non-contact muscle strains | Specific questionnaire36 |
↵* Measurements on both sides (left, right).
Con, concentric; Ecc, eccentric.