Characteristics of the study sample
| 9-Year-old children | 15-Year-old children | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n=2400) | Girls (n=1181) | Boys (n=1219) | All (n=2100) | Girls (n=1051) | Boys (n=1049) | |
| Body mass (kg) | 33.3 (6.8) | 33.1 (7.0) | 33.5 (6.7) | 59.6 (10.4) | 56.5 (8.7) | 62.7 (11.0)* |
| Height (cm) | 138.4 (6.5) | 137.9 (6.6) | 138.8 (6.3)** | 168.9 (8.5) | 164.2 (6.5) | 173.6 (7.7)* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.3 (2.6) | 17.3 (2.7) | 17.3 (2.6) | 20.8 (2.9) | 21.0 (2.9) | 20.7 (3.0) |
| Sum of four skinfolds (mm) | 37.0 (20.3) | 40.8 (20.9) | 33.2 (19.0)* | 43.7 (20.8) | 52.5 (19.6) | 34.8 (18.1)* |
| Aerobic fitness (mlO2/min/kg) | 48.0 (8.7) | 45.4 (8.2) | 50.5 (8.7)* | 48.2 (9.7) | 52.4 (8.2) | 42.0 (6.8)* |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 101.7 (8.8) | 101.3 (8.6) | 102.1 (9.1)** | 110.7 (10.8) | 107.2 (9.2) | 114.3 (11.0)* |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 5.1 (0.4) | 5.1 (0.4) | 5.2 (0.3)* | 5.2 (0.5) | 5.1 (0.4) | 5.3 (0.5)* |
| Insulin (pmol/l) | 38.4 (23.6) | 41.6 (24.3) | 35.3 (22.5)* | 64.4 (37.2) | 68.0 (34.8) | 60.7 (39.1)* |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.6 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.4)* | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.3)* |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.4 (0.7) | 4.5 (0.8) | 4.3 (0.7)* | 4.0 (0.8) | 4.2 (0.8) | 3.8 (0.7)* |
| Triglyceride (mmol/l) | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.7 (0.3)* | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.8 (0.5) |