Age, body surface area (BSA), and resting heart rate (HR) of the subjects
| Group | N | N' | Age (years) | BSA (m2) | HR (beats/min) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are mean (SD). | |||||
| *p<0.05, †p<0.02, ‡p<0.001 compared with controls. | |||||
| N, Number of measurements; N', number of measurements in Doppler studies; CHLD, children; c, control, non-trained subjects; a, athletes; AJ, adolescent/junior; YAD, young adult; AD, adult; OAD, older adult; PWR, power athletes; SPRJ, sprinters/jumpers; BGP, ball game players; END, endurance athletes. | |||||
| CHLDc | 13 | 12 | 12.38 (1.04) | 1.34 (0.23) | 87.11 (14.35) |
| CHLDa | 88 | 40 | 11.76 (1.15) | 1.30 (0.17) | 72.03 (11.92)‡ |
| AJc | 10 | 10 | 17.40 (0.84) | 1.94 (0.18) | 71.75 (8.99) |
| AJa | 77 | 32 | 16.53 (1.10) | 1.95 (0.21) | 63.37 (12.44)* |
| YADc | 44 | 42 | 23.23 (3.38) | 1.91 (0.13) | 76.19 (14.58) |
| YAD-PWR | 38 | 12 | 22.03 (2.98) | 1.99 (0.26) | 64.10 (11.93)‡ |
| YAD-SPRJ | 21 | 21 | 21.90 (2.68) | 2.00 (0.15)† | 61.03 (7.94)‡ |
| YAD-BGP | 110 | 82 | 22.34 (3.09) | 2.08 (0.14)‡ | 58.80 (10.65)‡ |
| YAD-END | 90 | 43 | 23.00 (3.07) | 1.95 (0.14) | 59.34 (10.52) |
| YADa | 262 | 161 | 22.51 (3.06) | 2.01 (0.17)‡ | 59.94 (10.67)‡ |
| ADc | 28 | 20 | 37.11 (4.37) | 2.00 (0.16) | 71.53 (13.44) |
| ADa | 33 | 28 | 36.15 (4.52) | 2.07 (0.17) | 61.04 (9.69)‡ |
| OADc | 11 | 9 | 50.45 (4.30) | 2.03 (0.09) | 70.09 (9.34) |
| OADa | 12 | 12 | 50.25 (3.05) | 2.00 (0.10) | 63.83 (9.70) |