Reports from which data were extracted
| Reference | Journal | Year | Number of cases described | Number of cases used in meta-analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Three cases not used as probably extra-articular fractures. | ||||
| †One case deleted as inadequate follow up. | ||||
| ‡Five cases deleted as outcome not stated clearly, but three were treated with operative reduction and internal fixation presumably with good results, one case was missed with resultant non-union, one was a comminuted fracture treated conservatively because of diabetes. | ||||
| Hawkins15 | J Bone Joint Surg | 1965 | 13 | 11* |
| Fjeldborg17 | Acta Orthop Scan | 1968 | 3 | 2* |
| Mukherjee14 | J Bone Joint Surg | 1974 | 13 | 12† |
| Heckman13 | Clin Orthop | 1985 | 9 | 9 |
| Kettunen7 | Acta Orthop Scan | 1992 | 1 | 1 |
| Noble4 | Br J Sports Med | 1992 | 1 | 1 |
| Nicholas2 | J Am Board Fam Pract | 1994 | 1 | 1 |
| Ebraheim5 | J Ortho Trauma | 1994 | 6 | 1‡ |
| Tucker6 | Foot Ankle Int | 1998 | 2 | 2 |