Classical Marathon Race of Athens (1973)44 | Survey sent to runners 1 month after race | 139 | 94 | During race: 24 (26%)* After race: 13 (14%)* (blisters, chafing, loss of toenails) |
New York City Marathon (1979)38 | Review of medical records from medicine and podiatry tents | 14153 | 635 | 96 (16%)* |
Midnight Sun Marathon (1980)45 | Survey sent 3 weeks after race | 252 | 84 | 11 (19%)* |
Big M Melbourne Marathon (1980)46 | Survey of those who sought treatment during the race | 5423 | 97 | 13 (13%)* |
London Marathon (1982)47,48 | Report of runners treated at first aid stations during race | 1700 (1982) | Unknown | 12 (0.7%)† |
Sheffield Marathon (1982)49–51 | Report of runners treated at first aid stations | 2289 | 409 | 94 (4.2%)†(skin lesions, including blisters) |
Twin Cities Marathon (1982–94)52 | Review of medical records from first aid tents | 81277 (total for all years) | 1534 | 289 (19.9%)* |
Glasgow Marathon (1982–85, 1987)53 | Review of medical records from first aid tents | 8256 (1982) | Unknown | 152 (1.8%)† |
| | 14271 (1983) | | 81 (0.6%)† |
| | 15353 (1984) | | 54 (0.4%)† |
| | 20052 (1985) | | 33 (0.2%)† |
| | 8600 (1987) | | 48 (0.3%) |
Boston Marathon (1985, 1987)54 | Review of medical records from first aid tents | 5122 (1985) | 536 | 102 (19%)* |
| | 6364 (1987) | 93 | 9 (10%)* |
Wonderful Copenhagen Marathon and Danish National Marathon Championship (1986)55–57 | Review of medical records from medical tent | 2520 (total in race) | 40 | During run: 10 (16%)* |
| Two questionnaires given to championship participants; one for injuries during race and one for injuries after race | 60 (championship participants) | 60 | After run: 16 (26%)* |
Arhus Marathon (1986)58 | Questionnaire about training injuries | Unknown | 161 | 40 (25%)* |
Grandma’s Marathon (1989–91, 1993–95)59 | Review of medical records from first aid tent | 3742 (1989)‡ | 385 | 89 (23%)* |
| | 5334 (1990)‡ | 405 | 89 (22%)* |
| | 5150 (1991)‡ | 242 | 61 (25%)* |
| | 5640 (1993)‡ | 141 | 31 (22%)* |
| | 5193 (1994)‡ | 343 | 72 (21%)* |
| | 6528 (1995)‡ | 261 | 60 (23%)* |
Auckland Citibank Marathon (1993)60,61 | Review of medical records from first aid tent | 1219 | 75 | 11 (14.5%)* |
New York City Marathon (1994)62 | Survey for people who presented to first aid stations for podiatry care | 29735 | 265 | 109 (41%)* (corns/blisters/calluses) |
Great North Run (Unknown)63 | Review of medical records from first aid tents | 9330 (marathon) | 445 | 62 (0.7%)† (blisters, chafing, strains, stings, exhaustion) |