Mechanisms of acute injuries incurred during matches
| Grass | Artificial turf | Artificial turf vs grass | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Injuries | Incidence n/1000 h of exposure(95% CI) | Injuries | Incidence n/1000 h of exposure(95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI)† | |
| *p<0.05. | |||||
| †Rate ratios between injuries on grass and artificial turf, with grass as the reference group. Subcategories for injuries on gravel and indoor floors are not shown separately because of small numbers. | |||||
| Contact | 153 | 5.5 (4.7 to 6.4) | 53 | 5.6 (4.1 to 7.2) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.4) |
| Non-contact | 77 | 2.8 (2.2 to 3.4) | 29 | 3.1 (2.0 to 4.2) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) |
| Activity | |||||
| Tackling | 124 | 4.5 (3.7 to 5.3) | 40 | 4.3 (2.9 to 5.6) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.4) |
| Heading duel | 5 | 0.2 (0 to 0.3) | 6 | 0.6 (0.1 to 1.1) | 3.5 (1.1 to 11.6)* |
| Running | 51 | 1.8 (1.3 to 2.4) | 14 | 1.5 (0.7 to 2.3) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.5) |
| Collision | 17 | 0.6 (0.3 to 0.9) | 7 | 0.7 (0.2 to 1.3) | 1.2 (0.5 to 2.9) |
| Other | 33 | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.6) | 15 | 1.6 (0.8 to 2.4) | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.5) |
| Total | 230 | 8.3 (7.2 to 9.4) | 82 | 8.7 (6.8 to 10.6) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.3) |