Table 2 Adolescent socioeconomic, health and lifestyle variables* as predictors for a cruciate ligament injury hospitalisation during the follow-up
Background variableHazard ratio (95% CI) for cruciate ligament injury
BoysGirls
Urbanisation level of residence
    Capital area (Helsinki and adjoining  towns)11
    Large town (population >100 000)1.0 (0.5 to 2.0)0.7 (0.2 to 1.8)
    Small town1.1 (0.7 to 1.9)0.7 (0.4 to 1.4)
    Village0.9 (0.5 to 1.5)0.5 (0.2 to 1.0)
    Sparsely populated rural municipality0.7 (0.4 to 1.3)0.5 (0.2 to 1.3)
Education of father or other parent/guardian
    High11
    Middle1.0 (0.6 to 1.7)1.4 (0.7 to 2.7)
    Low0.9 (0.6 to 1.4)0.7 (0.4 to 1.3)
Family composition
    Nuclear (both parents were  adolescent’s own)11
    Non-nuclear1.3 (0.9 to 1.8)0.9 (0.5 to 1.5)
Perceived health status
    Excellent11
    Good0.6 (0.5 to 0.8)0.6 (0.4 to 1.0)
    Poor0.4 (0.3 to 0.7)0.5 (0.2 to 0.9)
Chronic disease or disability
    No11
    Yes1.0 (0.6 to 1.7)1.4 (0.7 to 2.7)
Number of stress symptoms weekly
    011
    11.3 (1.0 to 1.9)1.0 (0.6 to 1.8)
    20.9 (0.5 to 1.4)0.6 (0.3 to 1.2)
    3+0.8 (0.5 to 1.3)1.0 (0.6 to 1.8)
Overweight
    No11
    Yes1.1 (0.8 to 1.7)1.5 (0.8 to 3.1)
Smoking
    Not daily11
    Daily0.9 (0.7 to 1.3)0.6 (0.3 to 1.2)
Drinking style
    Abstinence11
    Occasional drinking0.7 (0.5 to 1.0)1.5 (0.7 to 3.4)
    Recurrent drinking0.8 (0.6 to 1.1)1.7 (0.8 to 3.7)
    Recurring drunkenness0.6 (0.4 to 1.0)1.5 (0.6 to 3.7)
Frequency of participation in sports clubs
    Never11
    2–3 times a week or less2.1 (1.5 to 3.0)2.1 (1.2 to 3.6)
    4–5 times a week or more4.1 (3.2 to 6.4)11.5 (6.7 to 19.8)
Frequency of other physical activity
    Never11
    2–3 times a week or less1.8 (0.7 to 4.9)0.9 (0.2 to 3.5)
    4–5 times a week or more2.2 (0.8 to 6.0)1.5 (0.4 to 6.3)
Timing of puberty
    Early11
    Normal1.1 (0.8 to 1.5)1.3 (0.7 to 2.7)
    Late0.9 (0.6 to 1.3)1.4 (0.6 to 3.2)
  • *Estimated by separate Cox regression models.

  • The hazard ratios are age-adjusted.