Technique | Species | Tissue type | Study details | Results | Type |
ABI | Animal | Tendon | No harmful effects | Crossover | |
Ligament | |||||
Human | Tendon | Edwards 200328—lateral epicondylitis | 79% patients complete pain relief | Cohort | |
Ligament | Connell 200627—medial epicondylitis | No pain at 6 months | |||
Connell 200627—lateral epicondylitis | |||||
ACS | Animal | Muscle | Wright-Carpenter 200426— mice gastrocnemius | Increased satellite cells & myofibres | Controlled trial |
Human | Muscle | Wright-Carpenter 200429— human skeletal muscle | Improved recovery 22.3 vs. 16.6 days | Controlled trial | |
PRP | Animal | Tendon | Aspenberg 200433–rat Achilles tendon rupture | 30% improved strength at 1 week | Cohort |
Ligament | |||||
Muscle | Carda 200532—skeletal muscle tears | Improved healing at 6 days | Cohort | ||
Human | Tendon | Mishra 20067—elbow tendinopathy | 60%↓ VAS at 8/52 vs. 16%↓ control | Controlled trial | |
Ligament | Sanchez 200538—Achilles tendon rupture | Full recovery 14 vs. 21 weeks | Case report | ||
Sanchez 200721—Achilles tendon rupture | Non-randomised trial | ||||
Muscle | Sanchez 200539 | Full recovery in half the time of controls | Case series | ||
Suramin | Animal | Muscle | Chan 200531–mice gastrocnemius | ↓Scar tissue ↑Tetanic strength | Controlled trial |
Relaxin | Animal | Muscle | Negishi 200640—mice skeletal muscle | ↓Fibrosis | Crossover |
↑Myofibre regeneration |
ABI, autologous blood injections; ACS, autologous conditioned serum; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.