Table 4 Kinetic and energetic peak values for the right leg take-off and landing phase of the spike jump
Kinetics and energeticsTakeoffLandingTakeoffLanding
HPPIPHPPIP
VGRF/BM×g1.63 (0.20)1.62 (0.23)3.56 (1.08)4.25 (1.07)
LR VGRF/BM×g×l0−½26.49 (15.61)41.00 (15.84)
Plantar flexion moment/BM×g×l0−0.231 (0.026)−0.225 (0.025)−0.242 (0.023)−0.211 (0.051)
LR plantar flexion moment/BM×g×l0½−2.72 (1.02)−3.42 (1.11)
Knee extensor moment/BM×g×l00.254 (0.056)0.266 (0.042)0.253 (0.059)0.223 (0.039)
LR knee extensor moment/BM×g×l0½1.57 (0.62)2.32 (0.76)3.28 (1.10)4.10 (0.88)
Knee abduction moment/BM×g×l0−0.093 (0.033)−0.110 (0.029)−0.055 (0.029)−0.053 (0.034)
External tibial rotational moment/BM×g×l0−0.036 (0.012)−0.043 (0.018)−0.026 (0.016)−0.025 (0.015)
Eccentric ankle power/BM×g×l0½0.430 (0.087)0.437 (0.114)−1.28 (0.28)−1.28 (0.31)
Eccentric knee power/BM×g×l0½−0.397 (0.171)−0.495 (0.132)−0.846 (0.276)−0.893 (0.162)
Concentric knee power/BM×g×l0½0.413 (0.113)0.432 (0.070)
Eccentric ankle work/BM×g×l0−0.047 (0.019)−0.049 (0.011)−0.159 (0.022)−0.134 (0.042)
Concentric ankle work/BM×g×l00.097 (0.013)0.101 (0.019)
Eccentric knee work/BM×g×l0−0.142 (0.051)−0.165 (0.027)−0.175 (0.065)−0.159 (0.029)
Concentric knee work/BM×g×l00.114 (0.031)0.120 (0.011)
  • HP, healthy players; i, at the time of touch-down at landing; max, maximum; PIP, previously injured players; VGRF, vertical ground reaction force; LR, loading rate; BM, body mass; g, gravity; l0, leg length