Kinetics and energetics | Takeoff | Landing | Takeoff | Landing |
HP | PIP | HP | PIP | |
VGRF/BM×g | 1.63 (0.20) | 1.62 (0.23) | 3.56 (1.08) | 4.25 (1.07) |
LR VGRF/BM×g1½×l0−½ | — | — | 26.49 (15.61) | 41.00 (15.84) |
Plantar flexion moment/BM×g×l0 | −0.231 (0.026) | −0.225 (0.025) | −0.242 (0.023) | −0.211 (0.051) |
LR plantar flexion moment/BM×g1½×l0½ | — | — | −2.72 (1.02) | −3.42 (1.11) |
Knee extensor moment/BM×g×l0 | 0.254 (0.056) | 0.266 (0.042) | 0.253 (0.059) | 0.223 (0.039) |
LR knee extensor moment/BM×g1½×l0½ | 1.57 (0.62) | 2.32 (0.76) | 3.28 (1.10) | 4.10 (0.88) |
Knee abduction moment/BM×g×l0 | −0.093 (0.033) | −0.110 (0.029) | −0.055 (0.029) | −0.053 (0.034) |
External tibial rotational moment/BM×g×l0 | −0.036 (0.012) | −0.043 (0.018) | −0.026 (0.016) | −0.025 (0.015) |
Eccentric ankle power/BM×g1½×l0½ | 0.430 (0.087) | 0.437 (0.114) | −1.28 (0.28) | −1.28 (0.31) |
Eccentric knee power/BM×g1½×l0½ | −0.397 (0.171) | −0.495 (0.132) | −0.846 (0.276) | −0.893 (0.162) |
Concentric knee power/BM×g1½×l0½ | 0.413 (0.113) | 0.432 (0.070) | — | — |
Eccentric ankle work/BM×g×l0 | −0.047 (0.019) | −0.049 (0.011) | −0.159 (0.022) | −0.134 (0.042) |
Concentric ankle work/BM×g×l0 | 0.097 (0.013) | 0.101 (0.019) | — | — |
Eccentric knee work/BM×g×l0 | −0.142 (0.051) | −0.165 (0.027) | −0.175 (0.065) | −0.159 (0.029) |
Concentric knee work/BM×g×l0 | 0.114 (0.031) | 0.120 (0.011) | — | — |
HP, healthy players; i, at the time of touch-down at landing; max, maximum; PIP, previously injured players; VGRF, vertical ground reaction force; LR, loading rate; BM, body mass; g, gravity; l0, leg length