| Medial to the triangle | Hamstring tendinopathy | Sudden pain in buttock/posterior thigh. Walking painful.37 | Tenderness of muscle belly or tendon from common origin. | Magnetic resonance imaging,37 association between proximity of muscle defect to ischial tuberosity and recovery.38 |
| Referred pain | Diffuse ache, may not have back pain. | “Lasègue” straight leg raise (sensitivity 72–97%, specificity 11–66%).39 Braggard’s sign (94% +ve).40 | Response to lumbar mobilisation,41 guided nerve root injection,42 magnetic resonance imaging. |
| Ischial tuberosity apophysitis | Age group 15–25 years.23 Shooting pain following high-energy kick or change of direction. | Pain standing on one leg and Hop test,39 associated deep buttock pain. | Plain film x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging.43 |
| Piriformis tendinopathy | Hamstring origin pain with gradual rather than sudden onset and/or sciatic referred pain. | Tenderness over sciatic notch and aggravated by flexion, adduction, and internal rotation (Lasègue sign) of the hip44; also FAIR test,45 Pace Test.39 | Ultrasound-guided injection.46 |