Number | Sex | Age (years) | History | Physical examination | ECG | Echocardiography | Exercise test | 24 h ECG registration | SA-ECG | Additional tests | Diagnoses | Sport eligibility |
1 | ♀ | 32 | Normal | Normal | Pre-excitation, delta wave | NP | NP | NP | NP | EPT, benign accessory tract right inferolateral | WPW syndrome | No restriction |
2 | ♂ | 22 | Normal | Normal | High voltage with T-top inversion | Minor pulmonary valve insufficiency | NP | NP | NP | NP | Insufficient pulmonary valve, minor | No restriction, echocardiogram in 1 year |
3 | ♂ | 23 | Exertional chest pain, palpitations and a positive family history of premature MI | Normal | (inc) RBBB* | Dilated right ventricle | Normal | Normal | Normal | MRI, EBT scan, Lung perfusion scan and chest x ray showed no abnormalities | No cardiovascular disease | No restriction |
4 | ♂ | 21 | Father with DCM and a positive family history of premature MI | Normal | First-degree AV-block | Minor dilated left ventricle with minor decrease of function | NP | NP | NP | MRI showed no abnormalities | No cardiovascular disease | No restriction |
5 | ♂ | 15 | Normal | Normal | Frontal plane axis deviation to the right (>120°), ST inversion V2–V4 | Slight aneurismatic trabeculised right ventricle | Normal | Normal | Normal | MRI showed no abnormalities | No cardiovascular disease | No restriction |
6 | ♂ | 21 | Sudden cardiac death of mother at age 52 years, palpitations | Normal | Normal | Normal | Varying QTc time with T-top abnormalities | Varying QTc time (400–450 ms) | Abnormal (2 criteria) | Cardiogenetic evaluation | (suspicion of) Congenital Long-Qt syndrome | Treatment with B-blockade, temporary restriction |
7 | ♂ | 19 | Normal | Normal | Long QTc and T-wave flattening and inversion in two or more leads | Normal | T-wave inversion in more than two leads | Prolonged QTc (average 460 ms) | NP | Cardiogenetic evaluation | (suspicion of) Congenital Long-Qt syndrome | Treatment with B-blockade, temporary restriction |
8 | ♂ | 24 | Normal | Hypertension and a systolic heart murmur | High voltage with (inc) RBBB | Normal | NP* | NP | NP | NP | Hypertension | Treatment of hypertension by physician, no restrictions |
9 | ♂ | 22 | Brother with congenital cardiovascular abnormalities | Hypertension | Normal | Normal | NP | NP | NP | NP | Hypertension | Treatment of hypertension by physician, no restrictions |
10 | ♂ | 22 | Normal | Hypertension | Normal | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | Hypertension | Treatment of hypertension by physician, no restrictions |
11 | ♀ | 20 | Palpitations, exertional chest pain, shortness of breath, and a positive family history of premature MI | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | NP | NP | (suspicion of) Benign AVNRT (CMT)* | No restrictions |
12 | ♀ | 21 | Palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | NP | NP | (suspicion of) Benign AVNRT (CMT) | No restrictions |
13 | ♂ | 15 | Normal | Normal | Premature ventricular beats and more severe ventricular arrhythmias | Signs of an apical localised ARVC | Excessive ventricular arrhythmias | Excessive ventricular arrhythmias | Abnormal (3 criteria) | MRI will follow | (High suspicion of) ARVC | Disqualified for sports participation |
ARVC, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy; AV, atrioventricular; AVNRT, atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia; CMT, circus movement tachycardia; DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy; EBT, electron beam tomography; ECG, electrocardiogram; EPT, electrophysiological testing; MI, myocardial infarction; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NP, not performed; RBBB, right bundle branch block; SA-ECG, signal-averaged electrocardiogram; WPW, Wolff–Parkinson–White.