Mean normalised EMG activity of scapular muscles during seven KPP exercises (% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction)
| UT | MT | LT | SA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| 1 | 13.63 | 7.27 | 10.37 | 5.38 | 11.30 | 6.33 | 31.65 | 19.11 |
| 2 | 18.31 | 13.17 | 14.55 | 8.28 | 20.12 | 10.07 | 23.43 | 14.66 |
| 3 | 16.18 | 8.32 | 13.04 | 7.91 | 11.80 | 8.14 | 44.20 | 18.67 |
| 4 | 13.67 | 8.00 | 10.11 | 5.42 | 10.44 | 5.90 | 25.30 | 15.77 |
| 5 | 16.69 | 10.55 | 13.14 | 6.00 | 16.86 | 9.27 | 14.27 | 8.14 |
| 6 | 14.39 | 7.67 | 11.44 | 6.69 | 10.75 | 6.68 | 30.46 | 15.60 |
| 7 | 17.20 | 10.52 | 12.30 | 6.22 | 10.72 | 6.53 | 36.71 | 15.55 |
Exercise 1, standard KPP; exercise 2, KPP with heterolateral leg extension; exercise 3, KPP with homolateral leg extension; exercise 4, KPP with a wobble board; exercise 5, KPP with heterolateral leg extension and a wobble board; exercise 6, KPP with homolateral leg extension and a wobble board; exercise 7, one-handed KPP.
EMG, electromyography; KPP, knee push up plus; LT, lower trapezius; MT, middle trapezius; SA, serratus anterior; UT, upper trapezius.