Table 6

Kinematic outcomes for comparisons where point estimates of effect and confidence intervals were able to be calculated

AuthorsOutcomeInterventionComparatorMean difference (95% CI)Effect size (ES)
MacLean et al36Maximum ankle inversion momentPosted moulded (Inverted)ControlInitial: −0.05 (−0.22 to 0.12),0.23, 0.22
Posted moulded (Inverted)ControlAfter 6 weeks of wear: −0.07 (−0.59 to 0.45)0.3, 0.05
Maximum knee external rotation momentInitial: −0.04 (−0.15 to 0.07),
After 6 weeks of wear: −0.01 (−0.17 to 0.15)
Mündermann et al30Maximum ankle inversion momentPosted non-mouldedControl−6.0 Nm (−10.72 to −1.28)0.77
Non-posted mouldedControl−2.7 Nm(−7.84 to 2.44)0.32
Posted mouldedControl−4.8 Nm (−9.91 to 0.31)0.57
Maximum knee external rotation momentPosted non-mouldedNon-posted moulded−3.3 Nm (−8.22 to 1.62)0.41
Posted non-mouldedMoulded-posted−1.2 Nm (−6.08 to 3.68)0.15
Posted mouldedNon-posted moulded−2.1 Nm (−7.39 to 3.19)0.24
Posted non-mouldedControl1.5 Nm (−1.24 to 4.24)0.33
non-moulded postedControl1.4 Nm (−1.02 to 3.82)0.35
Posted mouldedControl1.8 Nm (−0.68 to 4.28)0.44
Posted non-mouldedPosted non-moulded−0.1 Nm (−2.84 to 2.64)0.02
Posted non-mouldedPosted moulded−0.3 Nm (−3.09 to 2.49)0.06
Non-posted mouldedPosted moulded−0.4 Nm (−2.88 to 2.08)0.1
Stacoff et al33Maximum ankle inversion momentPosted non-mouldedControl−0.50 Nm (−11.29 to 10.29)0.05
Posted mouldedControl1.4 Nm (−9.89 to 12.69)0.12
Irregular surfaceControl0.6 Nm (−10.46 to 11.66)0.05
Posted non-mouldedPosted moulded−1.9 Nm (−12.06 to 8.26)0.18
Posted non-mouldedIrregular surface−1.1 Nm (−11.0 to 8.8)0.11
Irregular surfacePosted moulded−0.8 Nm (−11.24 to 9.64)0.07
Williams et al35Maximum ankle inversion moment4° posted moulded Posted moulded (Inverted)Control−0.06 Nm/kg/m (−0.20 to 0.06)0.41
Control−0.14 Nm/kg/m (−0.25 to −0.03)1.06
Posted moulded4° posted moulded (converted)−0.07 Nm/kg/m (−0.18 to 0.04)0.58