Step downs | Single-leg rises from sitting | Pain SLSq | Ease SLSq | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (range) | R value† | p Value | R value† | p Value† | R value† | p Value | R value† | p Value | |
Foot posture | |||||||||
FPI | 3.9 (−1 to 10) | −0.090 | 0.596 | 0.310 | 0.065 | 0.308* | 0.045 | 0.358** | 0.009 |
NND (% FL) | 2.5 (−1.3 to 6.8) | −0.173 | 0.305 | 0.329 | 0.050 | 0.232 | 0.135 | 0.129 | 0.366 |
Calcaneal angle relative to STJN (°) | 3.9 (−2.3 to 13.0) | −0.118 | 0.486 | 0.437** | 0.008 | 0.232 | 0.134 | 0.218 | 0.124 |
Change in foot posture | |||||||||
FPI | 1.8 (0.0 to 4.0) | −0.083 | 0.624 | 0.228 | 0.182 | 0.378* | 0.012 | 0.337* | 0.015 |
NND (% FL) | 1.3 (−0.4 to 5.0) | −0.059 | 0.728 | 0.307 | 0.068 | 0.175 | 0.261 | 0.140 | 0.326 |
Calcaneal angle relative to STJN (°) | 1.8 (−0.4 to 5.8) | −0.110 | 0.516 | 0.395* | 0.017 | 0.125 | 0.423 | 0.207 | 0.145 |
Footwear | |||||||||
Motion control properties | 6.3 (1 to 11) | 0.046 | 0.794 | −0.338* | 0.016 | −0.424* | 0.009 | −0.107 | 0.468 |
Positive correlations indicate that improvements are associated with a more pronated foot type, greater reduction in pronation and greater footwear motion control properties.
↵* p<0.05.
↵** p<0.01.
↵† Calculated using Spearman's ρ.
FL, foot length; FPI, Foot Posture Index; NND, normalised navicular drop; SLSq, single-leg squat; STJN, subtalar joint neutral.