Associated with sedentary behaviour | Not associated with sedentary behaviour | # samples showing association | LoE | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# samples | References | Association | # samples | References | + | − | ||
Children | ||||||||
Biological, demographic | ||||||||
Gender (male) | 1 | (36s (gaming)) | + | 1 | (36s (TV viewing)) | 1/2 | ? | |
Parent education (more) | 2 | (36s (TV viewing)), (47o B (TST)) | − | 3 | (47s B, G (TV/video viewing)), (47o G, (TST)) | 1/6 | 2/6 | ? |
1 | (36s (gaming)) | + | 0 | |||||
BMI | 1 | (45s (screen time)) | + | 2 | (36s (TV viewing, gaming)) | 1/3 | ? | |
Family makeup (single parent) | 1 | (36s (TV viewing)) | + | 1 | (36s (gaming)) | 1/2 | ? | |
Psychological | ||||||||
Emotional distress | 1 | (36s (gaming)) | + | 1 | (36s (TV viewing)) | 1/2 | ? | |
Temperament | 0 | 2 | (36s (TV viewing, gaming)) | ? | ||||
Cognitive ability | 0 | 2 | (36s (TV viewing, gaming)) | ? | ||||
Impulsivity | 0 | 2 | (36s (TV viewing, gaming)) | ? | ||||
Behavioural | ||||||||
Physical aggression | 0 | 2 | (36s (TV viewing, gaming)) | ? | ||||
Hours of sleep | 0 | 2 | (36s (TV viewing, gaming)) | ? | ||||
Social | ||||||||
Parent TV viewing behaviours | 1 | (27s G (mother, TV viewing)) | + | 1 | (27s G (father, TV viewing)) | 1/2 | ? | |
Family functioning | 0 | 2 | (36s (TV viewing, gaming)) | ? | ||||
Adolescents | ||||||||
Biological, demographic | ||||||||
Parent education | 0 | 4 | (47o B, G (TST)) (47s B, G (TV/video viewing)) | ? | ||||
% body fat | 1 | (43s G (STwknd)) | + | 2 | (43s B, G (STwk)) | 1/3 | ? | |
Pubertal status (change) | 1 | (43s B (STwk)) | + | 2 | (43s B, G (STwknd)) | 1/3 | ? | |
Pubertal timing (early) | 2 | (42s B, G (school year 7, screen time)) | + | 0 | 2/3 | 1/3 | ? | |
1 | (42s G (school year 11, screen time)) | − |
+, positive association; −, negative association; ?, insufficient evidence for an association; References in bold, high quality study; B, boy; G, girl (studies reporting on boys and girls separately provided two samples, the sample includes both genders in case no B or G is stated); LoE, level of evidence; o, objectively measured sedentary behaviour; s, subjectively measured sedentary behaviour; STwk, total sedentary time on weekdays; STwknd, total sedentary time on weekend days; TST, total sedentary time per week; TV, television.