Summary of studies that report prevalence of PFJ OA after ACLR using an established radiographic classification system
| Radiological methods | PFJ OA prevalence (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | N | Follow-up age (years) (mean±SD;(range)) | PFJ view | WB | Knee angle (°) | Grading system | ACLR delay (months) (mean±SD; (range)) | Years since ACLR (mean (range)) | Mild | Mod. | Severe |
| Ahn et al15 | 117 | 39 (27–61) | Merchant | no | 45 | IKDC | 43±57 | 10 (8–13) | 49 | 9 | 3 |
| Bourke et al28* | 118 | 41 (29–77) | Skyline | yes | 30 | IKDC | 76% were <3 months | 15 (14–17) | 11 | 0 | 1 |
| Breitfuss et al17 | 41 | 30 | Tangential | NR | NR | Fairbank | Chronic deficiency | 2 | 25 (≥ Mild) | NA | NA |
| Cohen et al18* | 62 | 38 (26–57) | Merchant | no | 45 | Fairbank | 16 (0.5–96) | 11 (10–15) | 52 | 23 | 0 |
| Hertel et al29 | 67 | 42 (22–66) | Skyline | yes | NR | IKDC | 11 (0–152) | 11 (9–12) | 6 | 13 | 0 |
| Jarvela et al19 | 100 | 38 (22–68) | Merchant | no | 45 | IKDC | 20 (0–240) | 7 (5–9) | 34 | 12 | 1 |
| Keays et al20 21*† | 56 | 27 (18–38) | Skyline | no | 40 | Modified KL | 34±38 | 6 (5–7) | 36 | 0 | 0 |
| Li et al22 | 249 | 34±18 | Merchant | no | 45 | KL | 19 (0–308) | 8 (2–20) | 10 | 1 | 0 |
| Lohmander et al8 | 31 | 31 (26–40) | Skyline | yes | 40 | OARSI | 36 (0–132) | 9 (1–12) | 20 (≥ Mild) | NA | NA |
| Murray et al23* | 83 | 43 (26–69) | Skyline | yes | NR | IKDC | 30 (0–312) | 13 | 65 | 10 | 1 |
| Neuman et al7* | 22 | 42 (31–59) | Skyline | yes | 50 | OARSI | 48 (4–132) | 12 (5–16) | 47(≥ Mild) | NA | NA |
| Salmon et al27 | 49 | 40 (38 to 41)§ | Skyline | yes | 30 | IKDC | 54% were <3 months | 13 | 26 | 0 | 0 |
| Sajovic et al26 | 54 | 30 (19–51) | Lateral | yes | 30 | IKDC | 24 (1–84) | 5 | 17 | 2 | 0 |
*Studies that excluded those with pre-operative radiographic OA in either compartment.
†The two papers by Keays et al20 ,21 are reported as one study cohort as the same group of participants were used and same prevalence reported in both papers.
§Median (95% CI).
ACLR delay, time between anterior cruciate ligament injury and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; IKDC, International Knee Documentation Committee; KL, Kellgren and Lawrence; N, number of participants with x-rays at follow-up; NA, not applicable; NR, not reported; OA, osteoarthritis; OARSI, Osteoarthritis Research Society International; PFJ, patellofemoral joint; WB, weight-bearing.