n | Baseline | 1 year | 2 years | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Height (cm) | 34 | 153.6 (12.5) | 160.1 (13.1)‡ | 165.5 (12.7)§ | <0.01¶ |
Weight (kg) | 34 | 47.3 (13.8) | 53.7 (15.7)‡ | 59.4 (17.1)§ | <0.01 |
Body mass index | 34 | 19.7 (3.7) | 20.6 (4.0)‡ | 21.4 (4.8)§ | <0.01¶ |
Single hop test, LSI (%) | 29 | 90.8 (15.6) | 96.7 (14.6)‡ | 95.1 (13.1) | 0.04¶ |
Triple crossover test, LSI (%) | 28 | 93.4 (10.1) | 96.5 (12.8) | 93.4 (11.7) | 0.63¶ |
Triple hop test, LSI (%) | 28 | 92.9 (10.4) | 95.6 (11.0) | 95.6 (8.7) | 0.57¶ |
6 m timed hop test (%) | 28 | 94.2 (9.6) | 97.8 (9.4) | 95.1 (9.5)‡ | 0.01¶ |
Quadriceps muscle strength ((nm/kg)×100) | 30 | 195.5 (44.9) | 205.4 (43.0) | 224.0 (57.1)§ | <0.01 |
Hamstring muscle strength ((nm/kg)×100) | 30 | 103.8 (24.3) | 113.8 (28.5) | 125.0 (32.5)§ | <0.01 |
Quadriceps muscle strength, LSI (%) | 30 | 90.0 (13.1) | 94.0 (10.3) | 94.5 (11.8) | 0.21 |
Hamstring muscle strength, LSI (%) | 30 | 94.8 (20.3) | 94.1 (13.4) | 92.7 (11.5) | 0.81 |
KOS-ADLS | 29 | 89.0 (10.6) | 91.0 (9.9) | 88.4 (14.5) | 0.89¶ |
Visual analogue scale | 28 | 77.5 (16.4) | 84.9 (16.7) | 85.3 (18.0) | 0.11¶ |
IKDC2000 | 28 | 82.7 (10.5) | 87.2 (10.1) | 82.9 (17.6) | 0.71¶ |
KOOS pain | 28 | 90.4 (9.5) | 92.0 (8.7) | 89.6 (13.1) | 0.60¶ |
KOOS symptom | 28 | 85.1 (15.0) | 87.0 (11.5) | 86.3 (10.9) | 0.73 |
KOOS activities of daily living | 28 | 97.9 (4.8) | 98.9 (2.5)‡ | 95.8 (9.8)§ | 0.02¶ |
KOOS sport and recreation | 28 | 83.9 (19.5) | 85.7 (19.7) | 79.1 (23.7) | 0.16¶ |
KOOS quality of life | 28 | 66.9 (21.3) | 75.0 (18.5) | 70.3 (22.8) | 0.15 |
*Tests are analysis of variance with repeated measures unless otherwise specified.
†Values are given as mean (SD).
‡Significantly different from baseline.
§Significantly different from 1 year.
¶Friedman test as data not normally distributed.
IKDC2000, International Knee Documentation Committee 2000; KOOS, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; KOS-ADLS, Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living; LSI, leg symmetry indices; SD, standard deviation.