Table 2

Assessment of risk of bias

Study	Sampling									Measurement				Analysis				Total criteria satisfied
Study	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	Total criteria satisfied
Crossman et al18	×	×	√	×	√	×	×	√	×	×	×	√	×	×	√	×	×	5
de Heredia et al14	√	×	√	√	×	×	√	×	×	×	×	√	×	×	×	×	×	5
Glazer19	√	×	√	√	×	×	√	×	×	×	×	×	×	×	×	×	×	4
Gobbi and Francisco20	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	×	×	×	×	×	√	×	×	×	9
Johnson21	√	×	√	√	√	√	×	√	×	×	×	√	√	×	√	√	√	11
Langford et al22	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	×	×	×	√	√	√	×	√	13
Podlog and Eklund16	×	×	√	√	×	×	×	×	×	√	×	√	√	√	×	√	×	7
Podlog et al15	×	×	√	√	×	×	×	×	×	√	×	×	√	√	×	√	√	7
Smith et al23	×	×	√	√	×	×	√	√	×	×	×	√	√	√	×	√	√	9
Smith et al25	√	×	√	√	√	×	√	√	×	×	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	13
Webster et al24	√	√	√	√	√	√	×	×	×	×	×	×	√	√	×	×	√	9