Modes of onset, causes of injuries and contributing factors (modified from references 1, 2 and 18)
| Mode of onset | Causes | Contributing factors |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Sudden onset incident 2. Gradual onset incident | 1. Traumatic injury 1.1. Contact injury 1.1.2. Contact with another athlete 1.1.3. Contact: moving object (eg, discus) 1.1.4. Contact: immobile object (eg, hurdles) 1.2. Non-contact injury 2. Overuse injury | A. Recurrence of previous injury B. Violation of rules (obstruction, pushing) C. Field of play conditions D. Weather condition E. Equipment failure F. Fatigue G. Psychological Z. Other |