Table 1

Agreement between visual and computer-based abnormal ECG findings in 579 athletes: numbers and percentages (%) of patterns suggestive of cardiomyopathy according to the specified ESC's recommendations, compared to the new Seattle criteria for ECG interpretations in athletes

ESC with specificationsSeattle criteria
VisualComputerK valueVisualComputerK value
Abnormal ECG findings
 T wave inversions69 (11.9)106 (18.3)0.57927 (4.7)50 (8.6)0.599
 ST segment depressions12 (2.1)29 (5.0)0.3722 (0.3)25 (4.3) 
 Pathological Q wave amplitudes25 (4.3)30 (5.2)0.82819 (3.3)19 (3.3)0.946
 Pathological Q wave durations96 (16.6)  34 (5.9) 
 Complete left bundle branch block00 00 
 Intraventricular conduction abnormalities26 (4.5)124 (21.4) 4 (0.7)10 (1.7) 
 Left-axis deviation5 (0.9)5 (0.9) 6 (1.0)6 (1.0) 
 Left atrial enlargement1 (0.2)1 (0.2) 1 (0.2)1 (0.2) 
 Right atrial enlargement33 (5.7)5 (0.9)    
 Right-axis deviation5 (0.9)5 (0.9) 5 (0.9)5 (0.9) 
 Left posterior hemiblock4 (0.7)3 (0.7) 4 (0.7)4 (0.7) 
 Extreme axis deviation00 00 
 Right ventricular hypertrophy in athletes ≥30 years old13 (2.2)9 (1.6)0.7221 (0.2)1 (0.2) 
 Right ventricular hypertrophy in athletes <30 years old14 ((2.4)16 (2.8)0.7262 (0.3)2 (0.3) 
 Premature ventricular contractions1 (0.2)1 (0.2) 1 (0.2)1 (0.2) 
 Ventricular arrhythmias1 (0.2)1 (0.2) 1 (0.2)1 (0.2) 
  • Blank, not applicable.

  • ESC, European Society of Cardiology.