Table 2

Overview of the reliability data of clinical tests for the measurement of scapular positioning

Test	Peterson et al35	DiVeta et al43	Gibson et al28	Nijs et al40	Odom et al45	McKenna et al58	Watson et al46	Johnson et al47	Struyf et al25
Posterior acromion-table (relaxed)				0.88–0.94
Posterior acromion-table (retracted)				0.92–0.91
Posterior acromion-wall (relaxed)									0.72
Posterior acromion-wall (retracted)									0.75
Baylor square technique	0.91*
Double Baylor square technique	0.89*
Medial scapular border-T4 (relaxed)				0.50–0.79
Medial scapular border-T4 (retracted)				0.70–0.80
Medial scapular border-T3	0.91*
LSST (arms relaxed)				0.82–0.96	0.79	0.65–0.74
LSST (arms 45° abducted)				0.85–0.95	0.45	0.79–0.82
LSST (arms 90° abducted)				0.70–0.85	0.57	0.20–0.57
LSST (arms 90°, 1 kg load)									0.63
LSST (arms end-range abducted)									0.58
Scapular distance		0.94*	0.91–0.92
Analogue inclinometry							0.81–0.94*
Digital inclinometry								0.89–0.96*

*Intraclass correlation coefficients are provided to indicate the interobserver reliability.
LSST, lateral scapular slide test.