Change in secondary outcome measures following treatment
| Control group* Median change score (range) | Treatment group Median change score (range) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cleared | Not cleared | Cleared | Not cleared | |
| n=1 | n=12 | n=11 | n=4 | |
| Neck pain (/10) | −4 | −1.5 (−8, 3) | −3 (−5, 0) | −1 (−5, 0) |
| Headache (/10) | −7 | −2.5 (−7, 1) | −3 (−8, 0) | −2.5 (−4, 0) |
| Dizziness (/10) | −5 | −1.5 (−6, 0) | −2 (−7, 0) | −1 (−4, 1) |
| ABC Scale score (%) | 30 | 12.75 (0, 55) | 8 (0, 52) | 19.5 (−6, 43.5) |
| DHI score (/100)† | −48 | −21 (−58, 2) | −24 (−50, −6) | −13 (−16, −8) |
| Percentage now (/100) | 35 | 20 (−17, 50) | 20 (5, 60) | 20 (−20, 23) |
| Total symptom (/22) | −15 | −8.5 (−22, 3) | −12 (−22, 0) | −5.5 (−11, −2) |
| BES (/30) | 10 | 5 (−6, 18) | 2 (−9, 14) | −3.5 (−9, 5) |
| SAC (/30) | 1 | 0 (4, 5) | 1.5 (−2, 7) | 0 (−2, 7) |
| SCAT 2 (/100)‡ | 26 | 12 (−5, 42) | 18 (10, 30) | 8.5 (−9, 11) |
| DVA (lines lost) | −2 | −1 (−4, 2) | −1 (−5, 3) | −0.5 (−4, 1) |
| FGA (/30) | 3 | 1 (2, 6) | 1 (−1, 5) | 3 (1, 5) |
| CFE (seconds) | 19 | 5.5 (−8, 19) | 7 (0, 32) | 2.5 (−6, 6) |
| MSQ (/40) | −20 | −7.25 (−22, 0) | −10 (−20, −5) | −1.75 (−13, 4.5) |
| JPE test (/3 trials) | ||||
| Right | −2 | 0 (−1, 3) | −1 (−3, 2) | 0 (−3, 2) |
| Left | −2 | 0 (−3, 1) | −1 (−3, 3) | −1 (−1, 0) |
*One participant in the control group who was not cleared did not attend the follow-up session and is not included in this analysis.
†Individuals who were medically cleared had a greater improvement in score than those who were not (p=0.019).
‡Individuals who were medically cleared had a greater improvement in score than those who were not (p=0.0088).
ABC Scale, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale; BES, Balance Examination score; CFE, Cervical Flexor Endurance; DHI, Dizziness Handicap Index; DVA, Dynamic Visual Acuity; FGA, Functional Gait Assessment; JPE, Joint Position Error; MSQ, Motion Sensitivity Quotient; SAC, Standardised Assessment of Concussion; SCAT2, Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2.