Table 1

Results of study outcomes by group

	Group	Pretraining	Post-training	Detraining	p Value for group effect	p Value for time effect	p Value for interaction (group×time) effect
Primary outcomes
FVC (l/min)	Control	1.90 (0.33)	1.85 (0.32)	1.92 (0.32)	0.360	0.684	0.156
	Training	2.23 (0.27)	2.34 (0.29)	2.28 (0.28)
FEV₁ (l/s)	Control	1.57 (0.26)	1.55 (0.26)	1.59 (0.26)	0.733	0.712	0.486
	Training	1.65 (0.19)	1.74 (0.23)	1.69 (0.24)
PI_max (mm Hg)	Control	69.5 (9.7)	71.8 (10.0)	66.7 (9.4)	0.033	0.001	<0.001
	Training	68.3 (6.3)	107.6 (8.4)	103.2 (8.1)			(η²=0.502, power=0.999)
VO_2peak(ml/kg/min)	Control	36.2 (2.1)	35.6 (1.5)	32.1 (1.4)	0.485	0.072	<0.001
	Training	31.1 (0.9)	38.0 (1.3)	36.5 (1.2)			(η²=0.508, power=1.000)
Secondary outcomes
5RM leg press (kg)	Control	45.2 (4.7)	43.9 (5.1)	43.9 (5.4)	0.002	<0.001	<0.001
	Training	62.5 (6.5)	89.5 (9.3)	88.6 (9.2)			(η²=0.615, power=1.000)
5RM bench press (kg)	Control	23.2 (2.9)	21.6 (3.2)	21.7 (3.6)	0.018	<0.001	<0.001
	Training	26.4 (2.7)	38.4 (3.2)	35.9 (2.9)			(η²=0.715, power=1.000)
5RM lateral row	Control	23.2 (3.0)	22.0 (3.1)	21.7 (3.6)	0.009	<0.001	<0.001
	Training	30.5 (3.6)	43.0 (4.2)	35.9 (2.9)			(η²=0.593, power=1.000)
Body mass (kg)	Control	31.5 (4.6)	32.4 (4.7)	32.7 (4.5)	0.002	0.355	0.342
	Training	36.4 (3.1)	37.8 (3.2)	38.3 (3.1)
Fat mass (% of total)	Control	17.1 (1.8)	17.2 (1.8)	17.5 (1.9)	0.815	0.159	0.023
	Training	18.4 (1.3)	17.4 (1.2)	17.5 (1.1)			(η²=0.211, power=0.704)
Fat-free mass (% of total)	Control	82.9 (1.8)	82.8 (1.8)	82.5 (1.9)	0.849	0.077	0.001
	Training	81.6 (1.3)	82.6 (1.0)	82.5 (1.0)			(η²=0.337, power=0.940)

Data are mean (SEM). Effect size (η²) and statistical power are reported for those significant p values of interaction (group×time) interaction effect.
5RM, five-repetition maximum; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume; PI_max, maximal inspiratory muscle pressure; VO_2peak, peak oxygen uptake.
Significant p values of interaction effect are in italics. See text for significant post-hoc comparisons within each group for those outcomes showing a significant interaction effect.