Summary of results of network meta-analysis for pain relief and improvement in function (unadjusted estimates based on data from 60 randomised controlled trials)
| Exercise intervention | SMD (95% CrI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Pain relief | Improvement in function | |
| No intervention control | Reference | — |
| Flexibility | −0.66 (−1.33 to 0.00) | −0.17 (−1.26 to 0.93) |
| Strengthening | −0.81 (−1.13 to −0.50) | −0.37 (−0.84 to 0.09) |
| Aerobic | −0.41 (−1.13 to 0.30) | −0.30 (−1.53 to 0.92) |
| Strengthening+flexibility | −0.50 (−0.85 to −0.16) | −0.40 (−0.92 to 0.12) |
| Flexibility+aerobic | −0.26 (−1.00 to 0.47) | −0.18 (−1.24 to 0.89) |
| Strengthening+aerobic | −0.13 (−0.88 to 0.61) | −0.17 (−1.25 to 0.91) |
| Combined | −0.69 (−1.04 to −0.35) | −0.63 (−1.16 to −0.10) |
| Aquatic: | ||
| Strengthening | −0.75 (−1.42 to −0.07) | −0.43 (−1.42 to 0.56) |
| Strengthening+flexibility | −0.96 (−1.64 to −0.27) | −0.61 (−1.75 to 0.52) |
| Flexibility+aerobic | −0.07 (−0.98 to 0.83) | 0.07 (−1.23 to 1.36) |
| Strengthening+aerobic | −0.92 (−2.08 to 0.25) | −0.86 (−2.52 to 0.79) |
| Combined | −0.45 (−1.02 to 0.11) | −0.49 (−1.32 to 0.33) |
SMD=standardised mean difference; CrI=credible interval.