Table 5

Intermediate joint injection efficacy

 Level of evidence
Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5
AC joint1 study: no difference in efficacy between USGI and LMGI73
Elbow joint1 study: USGIs are efficacious16
Wrist joint1 study: USGIs are efficacious16
TT joint1 study: USGIs are efficacious16
Midfoot joint1 study: USGIs are efficacious64
AC, wrist, elbow, and TT joints1 study: no difference in efficacy between accurate and inaccurate injections26
  • AC, acromioclavicular; LMGI, landmark-guided injection; RU, radioulnar; SC, sternoclavicular; ST, subtalar; TF, tibiofibular; TT, tibiotalar; USGI, ultrasound-guided injection.