Table 1

Characteristics of studies included for review

Study (year)PEDro scoreNumber of participants, T and UTAge of participants (years)Time/training session (min)Total number of prescribed training sessionsTotal training time (h)Feedback
Gilchrist et al (2008)4T 583
UT 852
19.9 (mean)19*36 (3×/week for 12 weeks)11.4Yes
Heidt et al (2000)4T 42
UT 258
14–18 (range)43.530 (12 treadmill, 12 strength training, 6 plyometric)‡‡21.8No
Hewett et al (1999)3T 366
UT 463
14–18 (range)44.7†18 (3×/week for 6 weeks)13.4Yes
Kiani et al (2010)4T 777
UT 729
13–17 (range)15‡51 (24 preseason at 2×/week for 12 weeks, 27 inseason at 1×/week for 27 weeks)12.8Yes
LaBella et al (2011)5T 737
UT 755
C: 16.2±1.1 (mean)
I: 16.2±1.5 (mean)
19*§43 (3.3 practices/week for 13 weeks)13.6Yes
Mandelbaum et al (2005)3T 1885
UT 3818
14–18 (range)19*36 (3×/week for 12 weeks)¶11.4No
Myklebust et al (2005)3T 1705
UT 942
21–22 (mean)1555 (18 preseason at 3×/week for 6 weeks, 37 inseason at 1×/week for 37 weeks)13.8Yes
Olsen et al (2005)7T 958
UT 879
16–17 (mean)1845 (15 consecutive (3×/week for 5 weeks), estimated 30 inseason at 1×/week for 30 weeks)13.5Yes
Petersen et al (2005)3T 134
UT 142
C: 19.8 (med)
I: 19.4 (med)
1059 (24 preseason at 3×/week for 8 weeks, 35 inseason at 1×/week for estimated 35 weeks)**9.8Yes
Pfeiffer et al (2006)3T 577
UT 862
14–18 (range)2030 (2×/week for estimated 15 weeks)††10.0No
Soderman et al (2000)4T 62
UT 78
C: 20.4±4.6
I: 20.5±5.4
12.5108 (30 consecutive, 78 inseason at 3×/week for 26 weeks)22.5No
Steffen et al (2008)8T 1073
UT 947
15.4 (med)1540 (15 consecutive sessions, then 25 inseason 1×/week for 25 weeks)10.0Yes
Walden et al (2012)7T 2479
UT 2085
12–17 (range)1560 (2×/week for 30 weeks)15.0Yes
  • *Removed 1 min jog from 20 min total programme.

  • †Removed 15 min rest break, 2 min cool down, 13.3 min upper extremity exercises from 75 min total programme.

  • ‡removed 5 min jogging from 20 min total programme.

  • §did not include modified training sessions prior to games.

  • ¶based on Gilchrist et al.10

  • **estimated season length based on Myklebust and colleagues16.

  • ††estimated high school sport season length.

  • ‡‡information provided by authors.

  • C, control; I, intervention; med, median; PEDro, Physiotherapy Evidence Database; T, trained; UT, untrained.