Overview of subtotal effect sizes±95% CI of different cooling techniques for the precooling and percooling interventions
| Number of studies | Precooling | Number of studies | Percooling | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cooling vest | 6 | 0.19 (0.10 to 0.28) | 1 | 4.64 (0.96 to 8.32) |
| Cold water immersion | 5 | 0.49 (0.09 to 0.90) | – | NA |
| Cold water ingestion | 6 | 0.40 (0.17 to 0.62) | 1 | 1.75 (0.38 to 3.12) |
| Cooling packs | 2 | 0.40 (0.10 to 0.71) | 7 | 0.34 (0.09 to 0.58) |
| Mixed method cooling | 8 | 0.72 (0.49 to 0.96) | – | NA |
| Average effect size | 27 | 0.44 (0.31 to 0.56) | 9 | 0.40 (0.15 to 0.66) |
NA, not available.