Table 2

Changes in blood lipids in untrained men as a result of a period of recreational F training compared to R or inactive C

Study	Activity, target group, gender	Age (years)	Training intervention; Duration (weeks), intensity (%), frequency (per week), session duration (min)	Total-Chol rest (mmol/l or %)	HDL-Chol rest (mmol/l or %)	LDL-Chol rest (mmol/l or %)
Krustrup et al1	F, UT, M	29	12; 82%HRmax; 2.3; 60	5%↓NS	8%↑NS	15%↓*†
	R, UT, M	31	12; 82%HRmax; 2.5; 60	7%↓NS	8%↑NS	4%↓NS
	C, UT, M	31	No intervention	0%↔NS	7%↑NS	0%↔NS
Randers et al8 41	F, UT, M	31	64; 82%HRmax; 1.3; 60	0%↔NS	8%↑NS	7%↓NS
Randers et al8 41	C, UT, M	32	No intervention	2%↑NS	0%↔NS	7%↑NS
Randers et al38	F, UT, Mh	36	12; 82%HRmax; 2.2; 60	0.1↓NS	0.0↔NS	0.4↓*NS†
Randers et al38	C, UT, Mh	43	No intervention	0.1↑NS	0.1↓NS	0.1↑NS
Krustrup et al15	F, UT, M^a	46	24; 85%HRmax; 1.7; 60	–	8%↓NS	9%↓NS
Krustrup et al15	DAG, UT, M^a	47	DA on CRF	–	9%↑NS	9%↑NS
Knoepfli-Lenzin et al22	F, UT, M^mh	37	12; 80%HRmax; 2.4; 60	5%↓*	8%↑NS	3%↓NS
	R, UT, M^mh	36	12; 79%HRmax; 2.5; 60	2%↓NS	0%↔NS	0↔NS
	C, UT, M^mh	38	No intervention	4%↓NS	8%↑NS	3%↓NS
Schmidt et al17	F, UT, M^t	51	24; 82%HRmax; 1.2; 60	5%↓NS	8%↑NS	11↑NS
Schmidt et al17	C, UT, M^t	49	No intervention	8%↑NS	9%↑NS	9%↑NS
De Sousa et al39	F, UT, M^t+W^t	61	12; 83%HRmax; 3; 40; F+D	0.6↓*†	0↔NS	0.4↓*†
De Sousa et al39	C, UT, M^t+W^t	61	Diet group	0.4↑NS	0↔NS	0.3↑NS

Changes between pre and post training intervention (unless otherwise stated).
*Significant difference from 0 weeks.
†Significant group difference compared to control.
a, hypertensive participants; C, controls; Chol, cholesterol; CRF; cardiovascular risk factors; DAG, doctor's advice group; F, football; F+D, football+diet group; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HRmax, maximal heart rate; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; M, men; mh, mildly hypertensive participants; NS, not significant; R, running; t, type 2 diabetics; Total-chol, total plasma cholesterol; UT, untrained; W, women.