Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate if self-reported activity level or knee functions are influenced by subject characteristics, level of competition and history of knee injury. Cross-Sectional study using questionnaires distributed at a personal visit. One hundred and eighty-eight (65 women) amateur football players in 10 football clubs from each division below national level participated in the study. Self-reported Tegner Activity Scale, and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) are the main outcome measures. Older age, female gender and lower level of competition (football division) were independently associated with lower self-reported Tegner Activity Scale (P < 0.001). Subjects reporting history of knee injury had significantly worse KOOS scores (P < 0.001 for all subscales). In future studies, a clear description of how the Tegner Activity Scale was administered is recommended. We suggest that self-reported Tegner Activity Scale scores should be adjusted for age, gender and level of competition. In amateur football players, KOOS scores do not need adjustment for age and gender.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ageberg E, Zatterstrom R, Friden T et al (2001) Individual factors affecting stabilometry and one-leg hop test in 75 healthy subjects, aged 15–44 years. Scand J Med Sci Sports 11:47–53
Andersson-Molina H, Karlsson H, Rockborn P (2002) Arthroscopic partial and total meniscectomy: a long-term follow-up study with matched controls. Arthroscopy 18:183–189
Arnason A, Sigurdsson SB, Gudmundsson A et al (2004) Risk factors for injuries in football. Am J Sports Med 32:5S–16S
Asik M, Sen C, Tuncay I et al (2007) The mid- to long-term results of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendons using Transfix technique. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 15(8):965–972
Barrett G, Stokes D, White M (2005) Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in patients older than 40 years: allograft versus autograft patellar tendon. Am J Sports Med 33:1505–1512
Briggs KK, Kocher MS, Rodkey WG et al (2006) Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Lysholm knee score and Tegner activity scale for patients with meniscal injury of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88:698–705
Demirdjian AM, Petrie SG, Guanche CA et al (1998) The outcomes of two knee scoring questionnaires in a normal population. Am J Sports Med 26:46–51
Frobell RB, Lohmander LS, Roos EM (2007) The challenge of recruiting patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury of the knee into a randomized clinical trial comparing surgical and non-surgical treatment. Contemp Clin Trials 28:295–302
Gabbe BJ, Finch CF, Bennell KL et al (2003) How valid is a self reported 12 month sports injury history? Br J Sports Med 37:545–547
Gobbi A, Francisco R (2006) Factors affecting return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon and hamstring graft: a prospective clinical investigation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 14:1021–1028
Hagglund M, Walden M, Bahr R et al (2005) Methods for epidemiological study of injuries to professional football players: developing the UEFA model. Br J Sports Med 39:340–346
Herrlin S, Hallander M, Wange P et al (2007) Arthroscopic or conservative treatment of degenerative medial meniscal tears: a prospective randomised trial. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 15:393–401
Irrgang JJ, Snyder-Mackler L, Wainner RS et al (1998) Development of a patient-reported measure of function of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am 80:1132–1145
Jinks C, Jordan K, Croft P (2002) Measuring the population impact of knee pain and disability with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Pain 100:55–64
Karataglis D, Bisbinas I, Green MA et al (2006) Functional outcome following reconstruction in chronic multiple ligament deficient knees. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 14:843–847
Kostogiannis I, Ageberg E, Neuman P et al (2007) Activity level and subjective knee function 15 years after anterior cruciate ligament injury: a prospective, longitudinal study of nonreconstructed patients. Am J Sports Med 35(7):1135–1143
Laxdal G, Sernert N, Ejerhed L et al (2007) A prospective comparison of bone-patellar tendon-bone and hamstring tendon grafts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in male patients. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 15:115–125
Marder RA, Hopkins G Jr, Timmerman LA (2005) Arthroscopic microfracture of chondral defects of the knee: a comparison of two postoperative treatments. Arthroscopy 21:152–158
Mithoefer K, Williams RJ 3rd, Warren RF et al (2006) High-impact athletics after knee articular cartilage repair: a prospective evaluation of the microfracture technique. Am J Sports Med 34:1413–1418
Mohtadi N (1998) Development and validation of the quality of life outcome measure (questionnaire) for chronic anterior cruciate ligament deficiency. Am J Sports Med 26:350–359
Moshiro C, Heuch I, Astrom AN et al (2005) Effect of recall on estimation of non-fatal injury rates: a community based study in Tanzania. Inj Prev 11:48–52
Paradowski PT, Bergman S, Sunden-Lundius A et al (2006) Knee complaints vary with age and gender in the adult population. Population-based reference data for the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). BMC Musculoskelet Disord 7:38
Roos EM, Lohmander LS (2003) The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS): from joint injury to osteoarthritis. Health Qual Life Outcomes 1:64
Roos EM, Roos HP, Ekdahl C et al (1998) Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)—validation of a Swedish version. Scand J Med Sci Sports 8:439–448
Roos EM, Roos HP, Lohmander LS (1999) WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index—additional dimensions for use in subjects with post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the knee. Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 7:216–221
Roos EM, Roos HP, Lohmander LS et al (1998) Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)—development of a self-administered outcome measure. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 28:88–96
Roos H, Ornell M, Gardsell P et al (1995) Soccer after anterior cruciate ligament injury—an incompatible combination? A national survey of incidence and risk factors and a 7-year follow-up of 310 players. Acta Orthop Scand 66:107–112
Tegner Y, Lysholm J (1985) Rating systems in the evaluation of knee ligament injuries. Clin Orthop Sep(198):43–49
Thomee P, Wahrborg P, Borjesson M et al (2007) Self-efficacy, symptoms and physical activity in patients with an anterior cruciate ligament injury: a prospective study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 17:238–245
Walden M, Hagglund M, Ekstrand J (2005) UEFA Champions League study: a prospective study of injuries in professional football during the 2001–2002 season. Br J Sports Med 39:542–546
Voloshin I, Schmitz MA, Adams MJ et al (2003) Results of repeat meniscal repair. Am J Sports Med 31:874–880
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Thelma Zoegas foundation, Stig & Ragna Gorthon Research foundation, the Swedish National Centre for research in Sports, Region Skåne and the Swedish Research Council for supporting this study. We would also like to acknowledge Jan-Åke Nilsson for his contribution in the statistical analysis of this report.
Conflict of interest
Nothing to declare
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Frobell, R.B., Svensson, E., Göthrick, M. et al. Self-reported activity level and knee function in amateur football players: the influence of age, gender, history of knee injury and level of competition. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthr 16, 713–719 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-008-0509-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-008-0509-y