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Induction of muscle cramps by nociceptive stimulation of latent myofascial trigger points

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Abstract

The aim of this present study is to test the hypothesis that nociceptive stimulation of latent myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) increases the occurrence of local muscle cramps. Nociceptive muscle stimulation was obtained by a bolus injection of glutamate (0.1 ml, 0.5 M) into a latent MTrP and a control point (a non-MTrP) located in the right or left gastrocnemius medialis muscles in 14 healthy subjects. A bolus of isotonic saline (0.9%, 0.1 ml) injection served as a control. The injections were guided by intramuscular electromyography (EMG) showing resting spontaneous electrical activity at a latent MTrP and no such activity at a non-MTrP. Intramuscular and surface EMG activities in the gastrocnemius medialis muscle were recorded pre-, during-, and post-injection for a period of 8 min to monitor the occurrence of muscle cramps, which are characterized by a brief episodic burst of high levels of EMG activity. The results showed that glutamate and isotonic saline injections into the latent MTrPs induced higher peak pain intensity than into the non-MTrPs (both P < 0.05). Glutamate injection induced higher peak pain intensity than isotonic saline injection into either latent MTrPs or non-MTrPs (both P < 0.05). Muscle camps were observed in 92.86% of the subjects following glutamate injection into the latent MTrPs, but not into the non-MTrPs (P < 0.001). No muscle cramps were recorded following isotonic saline injection into either the latent MTrPs or the non-MTrPs. These results suggest that latent MTrPs could be involved in the genesis of muscle cramps. Focal increase in nociceptive sensitivity at MTrPs constitutes one of the mechanisms underlying muscle cramps.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Experimental Pain Research, Center for Sensory–Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7 D-3, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark

    Hong-You Ge, Yang Zhang, Shellie Boudreau & Lars Arendt-Nielsen

  2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Qilu Hospital, Medical School of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Yang Zhang & Shou-Wei Yue

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  1. Hong-You Ge
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  2. Yang Zhang
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  3. Shellie Boudreau
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  4. Shou-Wei Yue
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  5. Lars Arendt-Nielsen
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Correspondence to Hong-You Ge.

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Ge, HY., Zhang, Y., Boudreau, S. et al. Induction of muscle cramps by nociceptive stimulation of latent myofascial trigger points. Exp Brain Res 187, 623–629 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1331-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1331-y

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