Abstract
Purpose
Recent studies have highlighted central nervous system alterations following ligamentous injury that may contribute to joint instability. However, research has not observed cortical responses to joint loading or sensory changes in the context of joint laxity following injury.
Methods
Forty-two subjects were stratified into healthy (CON), unstable (UNS), and coper (COP) groups using ankle injury and instability history. Event-related desynchronization (%) from electroencephalography quantified somatosensory cortex activity as the ankle was loaded using an arthrometer.
Results
Cortical activation increased as the ankle was loaded (F = 63.05, p < 0.001), but did not differ between groups (F = 1.387, p = 0.268), despite greater laxity in UNS (F = 3.58, p = 0.038).
Conclusions
Increased somatosensory cortex activity was observed with joint loading; however, though UNS demonstrated a degree of mechanical instability, no differences in magnitude of cortical activation were observed. Continued research should explore how the relationship between cortical activation and joint stiffness is affected following ligamentous injury.
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Abbreviations
- ACL:
-
Anterior cruciate ligament
- fMRI:
-
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
- EEG:
-
Electroencephalography
- TMS:
-
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- ERD:
-
Event-related desynchronization
- CAIT:
-
Cumberland ankle instability tool
- CON:
-
Healthy control group
- COP:
-
Coper group
- UNS:
-
Unstable group
- BASE:
-
Baseline
- LOAD-1:
-
Early loading (1st 1,000 ms)
- LOAD-2:
-
Late loading (2nd 1,000 ms)
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Acknowledgments
This work was funded in part by a grant from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, BA4062/4-1).
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Communicated by Olivier Seynnes.
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Needle, A.R., Swanik, C.B., Schubert, M. et al. Decoupling of laxity and cortical activation in functionally unstable ankles during joint loading. Eur J Appl Physiol 114, 2129–2138 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-2929-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-2929-3