Platelet-rich plasma: Growth factor enhancement for bone grafts

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Abstract

Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous source of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta that is obtained by sequestering and concentrating platelets by gradient density centrifugation. This technique produced a concentration of human platelets of 338% and identified platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta within them. Monoclonal antibody assessment of cancellous cellular marrow grafts demonstrated cells that were capable of responding to the growth factors by bearing cell membrane receptors. The additional amounts of these growth factors obtained by adding platelet-rich plasma to grafts evidenced a radiographic maturation rate 1.62 to 2.16 times that of grafts without platelet-rich plasma. As assessed by histomorphometry, there was also a greater bone density in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was added (74.0% ± 11%) than in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was not added (55.1% ± 8%; p = 0.005).

Cited by (0)

a

Professor of Surgery and Chief, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

b

Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

c

Staff Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dayton, Ohio; formerly, Fellow, Tumor and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine.

d

Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Indiana University School of Dentistry; formerly, Fellow, Tumor and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine.

e

Chief Resident, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

f

Charge Nurse, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Health South Doctors' Hospital, Coral Gables, Fla.

Copyright © 1998 Published by Mosby, Inc.