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Minerals, trace elements, Vit. D and bone health

Serum 25(OH)D and incident type 2 diabetes: a cohort study

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 66, pages 1309–1314 (2012)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:

Mild to moderate vitamin D insufficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for several common chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine the association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and incident diabetes.

SUBJECTS/METHODS:

The MONICA10 cohort consists of 2656 participants (men and women aged 41–71 years) who participated in a 10-year follow-up examination during 1993–1994 as part of the MONICA 1 population survey. A total of 2571 participants free of diabetes at baseline and with successful measurement of serum 25(OH)D were included in the current study. The Danish National Diabetes register enabled identification of 288 cases of incident diabetes during follow-up (median: 16.4 years). Data were analysed by Cox proportional hazard models and associations were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS:

Serum 25(OH)D was inversely associated with incident diabetes adjusted for potential confounders (HR per 25 nmol/l=0.83; 95% CI: 0.72–0.95; P=0.009). A statistically significant interaction was observed between 25(OH)D and waist circumference (WC) (Pinteraction=0.042) suggesting an association in persons with a high WC (HR (95%CI) per 25 nmol/l=0.74 (0.63–0.88), 218 incident cases) and not in persons with a normal WC (HR (95%CI) per 25 nmol/l=0.98 (0.78–1.24), 70 incident cases).

CONCLUSIONS:

Low serum 25(OH)D was associated independently with incident diabetes. The inverse association was only found in overweight-obese and not in normal weight individuals, suggesting that obesity may modify the effect of vitamin D status on the risk of diabetes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the participants of the MONICA 10 cohort. We also thank IDS Nordic A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark for measuring serum 25(OH)D. The study was supported by grants from the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (grant number 2101-06-0065), the Health Insurance Foundation (grant number 2010 B 131), the Region H Research Foundation, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, and the A.P. Møller Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science.

Sources of support: The study was supported by grants from the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (grant number 2101-06-0065), the Health Insurance Foundation (grant number 2010 B 131), the Region H Research Foundation, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, and the A.P. Møller Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by IDS Nordic A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, Glostrup, Denmark

    L L N Husemoen, T Skaaby, B H Thuesen, T Jørgensen, R V Fenger & A Linneberg

  2. Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    T Jørgensen

  3. Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark

    T Jørgensen

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  1. L L N Husemoen
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  2. T Skaaby
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Correspondence to L L N Husemoen.

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Competing interests

Dr Linneberg received funding from Novo Nordisk Foundation for the project. The Novo Nordisk Foundation had no role in the design of the study, collection or analyses of data or the decision to publish. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Husemoen, L., Skaaby, T., Thuesen, B. et al. Serum 25(OH)D and incident type 2 diabetes: a cohort study. Eur J Clin Nutr 66, 1309–1314 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2012.134

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