Effects of Resistance Training on Cytokines

 

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Abstract

It is speculated that exercise training decreases resting levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP); reduces body mass and leptin (LP); and increases adiponectin (AD) and insulin sensitivity. This systematic review analyzed the effectiveness of resistance training (RT) longitudinal clinical studies on AD, LP, CRP and TNF-α. Seventeen studies were included and the majority of randomized controlled trials support that RT produces increases in AD, and decreases in both LP and CRP. Greater responses in AD and LP were evident in overweight and obese individuals; while RT appeared to be effective in reducing CRP in obese individuals, and older adults. Additionally, women may be more responsive to RT effects on AD, LP and CRP. Training duration and intensity may affect the response of AD and CRP with greater responses shown with 16 weeks or more of training and/or with intensities greater than 80% of one repetition maximum. No response to RT of TNF-α levels was apparent. Although based on a limited number of studies, some of which are uncontrolled non-randomized in design, our review suggests some positive effects of RT programs on cytokine levels, but specifics of the responses in different populations need further elucidation.

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Correspondence

Prof. Belmiro Freitas de Salles

Universidade do Estado do

Rio de Janeiro

Physiological Sciences

Department

Laboratory for Clinical and

Experimental Research in

Vascular Biology (BioVasc)

Biomedical Center

Universidade do Estado do

Rio de Janeiro

20550-013 Rio de Janeiro

Brazil

Phone: +55/21/32 986 592

Fax: +55/21/32 986 592

Email: belmirosalles@uerj.br